tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-51265314827595277232024-03-13T07:01:21.092-07:00diaryMy Diaryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10691733669403958805noreply@blogger.comBlogger10125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5126531482759527723.post-20772224758894043462012-04-23T01:27:00.000-07:002012-04-23T01:27:15.815-07:00Cara Berkomunikasi<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 28.0pt; line-height: 115%;">KOMUNIKASI</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">DEFINISI</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi adalah suatu proses dimana
ditransmisikan oleh sebuah system melalui symbol, tanda atau perilaku yang
umum. ( Haber, 1987 )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi merupakan suatu proses pertukaran
informasi atau proses pemberian arti sesuatu ( Taylor, 1993 )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi adalah pemindahan informasi dari satu
orang ke orang lainterlepas percaya atau tidak <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>( Harold koont & Cyril O’dnell )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi adalah suatu proses yang sedang
berlangsung, seri dinamis dari kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan pemindahan arti
dari pengirim pesan dan penerima pesan ( Jean, 1994 )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komukasi adlah proses pengoperan lambang lambang
yang mengandung pengerti antara individu – individu ( William ablig )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi adalah bersama-sama dalam membagi
ide, apabila seseorang berbicara orang lain mendengarkan ( Dale Yoder, dkk )</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 21.3pt;">
→<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>proses penyampaian pesan/ informasi dari seseorang keorang lain</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">ALASAN-ALASAN YANG
MENGHARUS ORANG UNTUK BERKOMUNIKASI :</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l28 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mengurangi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Ketidak pastian</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l28 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">B.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Memperoleh</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Informasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l28 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">C.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menguatkan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Keyakinan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l28 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">D.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pengungkapan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Perasaan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">KOMPONEN</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">PROSES KOMUNIKASI</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l21 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“ Sender
“ / “ Decoder” / “Komunikasi”</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Orag yang mempunyai inisiatif menyampaikan
pesan kepada orang lain dimana pesan disampaikan secara verbal atau nonverbal.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l21 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“Receiver”
/ “Decoder” / “komunikan”</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Orang yang menerima pesan.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Pengiriman & penerimaan pesan terjadi
secara bersamaan & merupakan aktifitas dari sender &receiver.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l21 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“Message”
/ “pesan”</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Informasi yang disampaikan, berupa ide,
pendapat dan pikiran.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l21 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“feed
back” / umpan balik / keterampilan</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Respon dari penerima pesan kepada pengirim
pesan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l21 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">‘setting”
/ tatanan / media</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
Tempat dimana komunikasi terjadi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">VARIABEL PESAN</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l18 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi Verbal ( enconding )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l18 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi non verbal ( discoding )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l18 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Suara ( noise )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l18 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Keterampilan berkomunikasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l18 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Setting </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l18 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Media → Channel sensory</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l18 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Umpan balik ( freedback )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l18 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Lingkungan ( internal & eksternal )</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TIPE KOMUNIKASI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l29 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pelaksanaan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l34 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi formal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l34 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi informal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l29 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Umpan balik</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi satu arah</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi dua arah</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l29 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ruang lingkup</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Perintah</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Permintaan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Observasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Informasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pelajaran</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l29 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bentuk</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi verbal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Menggunakan lambing bahasa/ kata-kata.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi non verbal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Menggunakan
bahsa tubuh, isarat, gambr, tulisan</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TINGKAT KOMUNIKASI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l26 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi intrapersonal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Komunikasi yang terjadi dengan diri sendiri</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l26 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi Interpersonal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Komunikasi yang terjadi antara 2 orang atau
lebih/ dalam kelompok kecil</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l26 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komunikasi public</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
Interaksi dengan kelompok besar, > dari
10-12 orang</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">KARAKTERISTIK
KOMUNIKASI VERBAL</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Jelas </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ringkas </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Perbendaharaan kata memadai</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Timing dan relevansi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mengandung arti denotative dan konotatif</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Intonasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kecepatan berbicara</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Humor</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mengikuti zaman</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">KOMUNIKASI NON VERBAL
→ TERMASUK 5 PANCAINDRA</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Isyarat Vokal ( suara, bunyi, tekanan )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Isyarat tindakan ( gerakan tubuh, expresi wajah,
sikap tubuh, kontak mata )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Isyarat objek ( penggunaan benda, pakaian )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ruang/ jarak</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sentuhan ( kontak Fisik )</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">FUNGSI KOMUNIKASI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l19 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>INFORMASI</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Pengumpulan, penyimpanan, proses,
penyebaran berita, data, fakta, pesan opini & komentar</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l19 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>SOSIALISASI</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Memungkinkan interaksi seseorang untuk aktif
dalam lingkungan masyarakat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l19 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>MOTIVASI</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Mendorong seseorang menentukan pilihan
keinginannya</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l19 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>DISKUSI</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Menyediakan dan saling menukar fakta</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l19 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>PENDIDIKAN</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Pengalihan pendidikan & perkembangan
intelektual</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l19 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>MEMAJUKAN KEHIDUPAN</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Menyebarkan hasil kebudayaan, seni dan
mendorong kreatifitas</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l19 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>HIBURAN</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Memberikan kesenangan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l19 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>INTEGRASI</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
Memperoleh pesan agar saling mengenal dan
menghargai pandangan</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TUJUAN KOMUNIKASI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l24 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Supaya pesan yang disampaikan dapat dimengerti</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l24 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bias memahami orang lain</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l24 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Supaya gagasan dapat diterima orang lain</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l24 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menggerakan orang lain untuk melakukan sesuatu</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">FAKTOR YANG
MEMPENGARUHI PROSES KOMUNIKASI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l25 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kemampuan komunikator</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l25 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Perkembangan </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l25 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Persepsi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l25 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Personal spaces</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
( intim, personal, social, public )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l25 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Peran, hubungan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l25 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Hargadiri</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l25 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Latar belakang social budaya</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l25 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Respek/ emosi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l25 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Penerimaan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l25 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pengetahuan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l25 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sikap/ etika</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l25 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Nilai</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l25 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">13.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tatanan interaksi/ lingkungan</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">FAKTOR – FAKTOR
PENGHAMBAT KOMUNIKASI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l36 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kurang ketrampilan berkomunikasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l36 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Suasana otoriter</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l36 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Prasangka berdasar emosi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l36 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sifat egosentris</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l36 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tidak mau berubah</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l36 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sifat apriori</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l36 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Situasi : ekonomi, social, politik &
keamanan</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">CARA MENGURANGI
HAMBATAN DALAM BERKOMUNIKASI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mendengarkan dengan Aktif</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Mendengarkan secara aktif membutuhkan :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Konsentrasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pemahaman</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Refleksi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pengihtisaran</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Syarat
mendengarkan dengan aktif</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Intensitas</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Meningkatkan semangat untuk mendengarkan, dan bersungguh-sungguh untuk
menyimak.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Empatik </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Sikap mengerti terhadap keinginan orang lain. Mencoba menyesuaikan apa
yang dilihat dan <u>dirasakan</u> oleh pembicaraan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Penerimaan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Memiliki penerimaan yang objektif atas apa yang didengar dan dilihat.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TEHNIK MENDENGARKAN SECARA EFEKTIF</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menjadi pendengar aktif</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berupaya memahami</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Memanfaatkan waktu</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mengurangi distraksi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Distraksi lingkungan eksternal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Distraksi lingkungan internal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menunda pertimbangan pribadi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Membatasi interupsi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mendengarkan cara mengungkapkan kata</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">MEMBERIKAN UMPAN BALIK</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Umpan balik positif/ negative</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Cara mengembangkan ketrampilan umpan balik
yang efektif</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pusatkan pada perilaku yang spesifik</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Jangan member umpan balik berifat pribadi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berikan umpan balik dalam usaha pencapaian</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Waktu yang tepat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berikan umpan balik negative untuk hal yang
memang mampu dirubah oleh pembicaraa.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
Tantangan menjadi pendengar yang
aktif adalah </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">→
“ menyerap yang dikatakan seseorang tanpa menilai isinya sampai ia selesai
bicara.”</i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tanggung jawab untuk melengkapi informasi
berusaha menyerap informasi yang diterima dan mengartikannya, bila perlu
bertanya untuk mendapatkan pengertian yang sama dengan pembicara.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">CARA UNTUK
MENDENGARKAN</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l22 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berhentilah bicara</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l22 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ciptakan suasana tentran bagi pembicaraan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l22 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tunjukan minat untuk mendengarkan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l22 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Jauhkan gangguan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l22 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berempati dengan pembicara</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l22 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bersabarlah</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l22 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tahanlah emosi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l22 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Terima dengan tenang argumentasi maupun kritik</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l22 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ajukan pertanyaan</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">SYARAT – SYARAT
KOMUNIKASI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l30 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bersemangat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l30 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bersifat kritis</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l30 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Percaya diri</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l30 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Memiliki sikap dan tindakan terpuji</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l30 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Memelihara proses komunikasi yang sedang
berlangsung</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l30 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menyadari kebiasaan yang berlebihan</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">SIFAT – SIFAT
KOMUNIKATOR</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Tidak
terlalu otokratis</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Dapat
menguasai aspirasi komunikasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Penuh
inisiatif.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Menghargai
kemampuan orang lain</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Mawas
diri</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">GAYA BICARA YANG BAIK</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l15 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berbicara cukup perlahan dan tidak terlalu keras</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l15 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berbicara dengan semangat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l15 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menggunakan tekanan tertentu</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l33 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ada selingan atur tinggi rendahnya suara</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l33 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ada tekanan bagi pesan yang penting</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l33 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menggunakan efek pembicaraan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
( Mis : berhenti sebentar )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l15 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menggunakan suara yang penuh</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l15 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berbicara tidak hanya pada satu arah</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l15 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pergunakan bahasa Indonesia yang benar</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">GAYA BICARA YANG
PERLU DIHINDARI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l27 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tidak mempermainkan benda/ barang yang dipegang</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l27 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tidak melakukan sikap seenaknya/ yang dapat
mengganggu perhatian</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l27 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tidak memberikan pesan tanpa persiapan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l27 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tidak melakukan sikap menutupi lambang yang
disampaikan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l27 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tidak berperilaku yang tidak sesuai dengan
keadaan sebenarnya</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l27 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tidak lakukan gerakan anggota badan yang tidak
perlu</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">SIKAP TERBUKA </b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Bahasa
tubuh (besture/ body language</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Berespon</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Expresi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Kontak
mata</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Berhadapan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Sikap
/ gerakan tubuh sopan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Penampilan
diri</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">CARA MENGEMBANGKAN</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">KEMAMPUAN
BERKOMUNIKASI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berpandangan positif tehadap hakikat manusia</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tanggapan terhadap keinginan pihak lain</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kemampuan untuk menyimak</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tebuka</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Jelas dan spesifik</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Dapat menentukan pesan yang penting/ tidak</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">BLOK/ RINTANGAN DALAM
KOMUNIKASI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l31 level1 lfo30; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pembicaraan social</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l31 level1 lfo30; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pertanyaan tertutup</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l31 level1 lfo30; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Terlalu banyak bicara daripada bertanya</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l31 level1 lfo30; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Komentar stereo tipe/ klise</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l31 level1 lfo30; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Memberikan dorongan yang berlebihan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l31 level1 lfo30; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Merubah focus pembicaraan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l31 level1 lfo30; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menginterupsi dan mengakhiri pembicaran arang
lain</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l31 level1 lfo30; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kurang expresif</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l31 level1 lfo30; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Emosional saat bicara</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l31 level1 lfo30; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Depending situasi/ Menyangkal pendapat orang
lain</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l31 level1 lfo30; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menghakimi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TANDA – TANDA
INFORMASI OVERLOAD</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo31; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Periode
respon diam yang lama</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo31; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Perilaku
gelisah</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo31; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Mencoba
merubah topic diskusi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo31; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Melihat-lihat
ke sekeliling</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo31; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Meminta
ingin tiba-tiba</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo31; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Menguap</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo31; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Sering
melihat jam</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo31; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Melebarkan
mata</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo31; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Menatap
tanpa berkedip/ ekspresi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">UNSUR PENTING
BERKOMUNIKASI DALAM PELAYANAN KESEHATAN</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo32; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Kehangatan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo32; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Menghargai</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Sikap tidak menunjukan bahwa orang lain dianggap
penting</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo32; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Ketulusan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Sikap jujur, mampu mengexpresikan
pikirancenderung terbuka</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TAHAPAN
INTERAKSI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Fase interaksi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l32 level1 lfo33; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pre interaksi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Persiapan ( belum bertemu )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo34; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Merencakan interaksi/ kegiatan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo34; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Analisis dan persiapan diri</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo34; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Persiapan intonasi/ data yang akan disampaikan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo34; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Persiapan alat yang diperlukan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo34; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Setting/ kontak waktu & iq</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l32 level1 lfo33; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Fase Orientasi/ perkenalan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo35; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Membangun hub. Saling percaya</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo35; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mengoreksikan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo35; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Perkenalan diri ( bagian/ tugas/ jabatan 0</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo35; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tanya nama pelanggan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo35; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Panggil dengan nama yang disesuaikan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo35; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Jelaskan tujuan interaksi/ kegiatan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo35; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Jelaskan kapan, dimana, bilamana sikap k saat
prosedur, dsb.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l32 level1 lfo33; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kerja</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Terhadap pelaksanaan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo36; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menyampaikan informasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo36; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Melaksakan tindakan ( prosedur sesuai )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo36; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Standar operasional prosedur ( SOP )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo36; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ciptakan hub. Terapetik</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo36; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Beri kesempatan pelanggar untuk merespon atau
bertanya</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo36; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Member support mental</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo36; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berikan pasien safety.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l32 level1 lfo33; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>terminasi/ akhir</div>
</div>My Diaryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10691733669403958805noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5126531482759527723.post-50483348281245420292012-04-23T01:25:00.002-07:002012-04-23T01:25:40.052-07:00Pengendalian Infeksi<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if !mso]>
<style>
v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1038"/>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1"/>
<o:rules v:ext="edit">
<o:r id="V:Rule1" type="connector" idref="#_x0000_s1037"/>
<o:r id="V:Rule2" type="connector" idref="#_x0000_s1032"/>
<o:r id="V:Rule3" type="connector" idref="#_x0000_s1034"/>
<o:r id="V:Rule4" type="connector" idref="#_x0000_s1035"/>
<o:r id="V:Rule5" type="connector" idref="#_x0000_s1033"/>
</o:rules>
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PENGENDALIAN INFEKSI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>INFEKSI adalah invasi tubuh oleh pathogen atau
mikrooraganisme yang mempu menyebakan sakit</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<br /><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Adanya pathogen tidak berarti infeksi akan
terjadi, perkembangan infeksi dlam siklus tergantung pada elemen-elemen sebagai
berikut :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Agens infeksius</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Mikroorganisme<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>virus, bakteri, jamur dan protozoa.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Mikroorganisme untuk menyebabkan penyakit tergantung pada :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 76.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Oerganisme dalam tubuh</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 76.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Virulensi atau kemampuan untuk menyebabkan sakit</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 76.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kemampuan untuk masuk dan bertahan hidup dalam
penjamu</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 76.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Penjamu yang rentan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 76.5pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Reservoir </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Tempat pathogen mampu bertahan hidup tetapi dapat atau tidak berkembang
biak<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -4.5pt; position: relative; top: 4.5pt;"><img height="20" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CDEDYNI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image003.gif" width="12" /></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>makanan, air, oksigen, dll.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Portal keluar</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Mikroorganisme menmukan tampat berkembang biak, meraka harus menemukan
jalan keluar, jika mereka masuk ke penjamu lain <span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -4.5pt; position: relative; top: 4.5pt;"><img height="20" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CDEDYNI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image003.gif" width="12" /></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>penyakit</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cara penularan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Banyak cara penularan mikroorganisme dari reservoir ke perjamu (host)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Kontak<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>langsung, tidk langsung</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Udara<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>droplet</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Peralatan<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>makanan, alat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Vector<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>lalat, nyamuk dan kutu</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Portal masuk</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Organism dapat masuk kedalam tubuh melalui rute yang sama untuk keluar.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Jarum yang terkontaminasi <span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -4.5pt; position: relative; top: 4.5pt;"><img height="20" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CDEDYNI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image003.gif" width="12" /></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>kekulit</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Aliran urine dan kateter<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -4.5pt; position: relative; top: 4.5pt;"><img height="20" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CDEDYNI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image003.gif" width="12" /></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>keuretra</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Kesalahan memakai balutan </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -4.5pt; position: relative; top: 4.5pt;"><img height="20" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CDEDYNI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image003.gif" width="12" /></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>luka</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Hospes rentan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Kerentanan
bergantung pada derajat ketahanan individu terhadap pathogen.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Proses infeksi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tahap inkubasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Interval antara masuknya pathogen kedalam tubuh dan munculnya gejala
pertama.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Misalnya<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>campak 2-3 minggu, pilek 1-2 hari, inflensa
1-2 hari, gondongan <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -4.5pt; position: relative; top: 4.5pt;"><img height="20" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CDEDYNI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image005.gif" width="11" /></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2 minggus</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tahap prodomal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Interval dari mulai tanda dan gejala non spesifik.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Misalnya<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>demam ringan, keletihan, seperti gejala yang
spesifik <span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -4.5pt; position: relative; top: 4.5pt;"><img height="20" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CDEDYNI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image003.gif" width="12" /></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mikroorganisme bertumbuh dan berkembang biak </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -4.5pt; position: relative; top: 4.5pt;"><img height="20" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CDEDYNI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image003.gif" width="12" /></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>menyebar ke orang lain.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Tahap sakit</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Interval saat klien memanifesrasikan tanda dan gejala yang
spesifik terhadap infeksi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Misalnya<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>demam manifestasikan dengan sakit tenggorok.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Tahap pemulihan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Interval saat munculnya gejala akut infeksi sampai dengan
hilangnya gejala.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Tanda – tanda implamasi</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Merah<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>rubor </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Panas<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>color</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Nyeri<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>dolor</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Bengkak<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>tumor</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Fungsi terganggu<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>fangtio lease</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Tanda- tanda infeksi</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Tanda imflamasi<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>+<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>panas meningkat</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Neri hebat</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Peranan professional pengendalian infeksi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Member pendidikan mengenai pencegahan (
pengendalian infeksi pada staf )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Membuat dan meninjau ulang kebijkan dan prosedur
pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Merekomendasikan prosedur isolasi yang tepat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menyaring catatan clien terhadap infeksi yang
didapat dari komunitas</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Konsultasi dengan pekerjaan depkes mengenai
rekomendasi untuk mencegah dan mengendalikan penyebaran infeksi antara personel</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kumpulan statistic mengenai epidemiologi infeksi
nosokomial</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Beritahu depkes masyarakat tentang insiden
penyakit menular</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Rundingkan dengan semua departemen di RS<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>untuk menyelidiki<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>kejadian atau kelompok infeksi yang tidak
lazim terjadi.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Identifikasi masalah control infeksi pada
peralatan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pantau organism yang tahan antibiotic dalam institusi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi untuk
petugas RS</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Rencana control paparan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Institusi harus memiliki control paparan yang dirancang untuk
mengeliminasi atau meminimalkan paparan terhadap pegawai<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span>
kapan harus menggunakan peralatan perlindungan.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pemenuhan tindakan pencegahan standar pegawai
harus melaksanakan tindakan pencegahan untuk mencegah kontak dengan darah atau
materi infeksius selama perawatan terhadap klien.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Housekeeping.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Tempat kerja harus terpelihara dalam kondisi bersih dan sehat. Pembersihan
rutin dan prosdur dekontaminasi harus ditetapkan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Resiko tinggi terpapar</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Jika bekerja perawatan kesehatan terpapar secara parenteral ( stile jarum
) <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span> kecelakaan tesebut
harus segera dilaporkan <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span>
HIV dan hepatitis B <span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span>
kritis</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pelatihan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Pimpinan
harus memasukan bahwa semua pegawai yang beresiko terpapar di tempat kerja yang
beresiko terpapar ditempat kerja dalam program pelatihan.</div>
</div>My Diaryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10691733669403958805noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5126531482759527723.post-58163863238654014652012-04-23T01:24:00.000-07:002012-04-23T01:24:10.839-07:00ASPEK PADA PASIEN DENGAN GANNGGUAN NUTRISI<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
table.MsoTableGrid
{mso-style-name:"Table Grid";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-priority:59;
mso-style-unhide:no;
border:solid black 1.0pt;
mso-border-themecolor:text1;
mso-border-alt:solid black .5pt;
mso-border-themecolor:text1;
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-border-insideh:.5pt solid black;
mso-border-insideh-themecolor:text1;
mso-border-insidev:.5pt solid black;
mso-border-insidev-themecolor:text1;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ASPEK PADA PASIEN</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">DENGAN GANNGGUAN
NUTRISI</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PENGKAJIAN</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pengukuran antropometri meliputi : BB, TB,
Lingkar lengan dan lipatan kulit</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Data biochemical meliputi :</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
Kadar Hb, Ht.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
Total lymfosit : Karena kadar
lymposit yang rendah menunjukan adanya pemecahan protein</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TANDA – TANDA KLINIK</b></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 26.7pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">NO</b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.2pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TUBUH</b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="top" width="208">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TANDA – TANDA NORMAL</b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 170.1pt;" valign="top" width="227">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">T.T ABNORMAL</b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 26.7pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
2</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
3</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
4</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
5</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
6</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
7</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
8</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
9</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
10</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
11</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.2pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Rambut </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Kulit </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Mata </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Lidah</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
M. Mukosa</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Cardiovaskuler</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Otot </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
G I</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Neurologi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Vitality </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
BB</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 155.95pt;" valign="top" width="208">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Kilat, berminyak tidak kering</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Lembut, sedikit lembab, turgor baik</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Berbinar jernih</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Merah muda, lembab</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Merah muda, lembut</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Hr & TD N & irama jantung normal</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Lembut, lunak berkemban biak</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Nafsu makan baik eliminasi normal, teratur</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Reflex normal, perhatian baik, emosi stabil</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Gesit, energik, mampu untuk tidur baik</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Normal sesuai umur, berkembang, TB Normal</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 170.1pt;" valign="top" width="227">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Kering, kusam, lambat tumbuh</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Pecah-pecah, kusam</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Kering, kemerahan</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Merah, bercak2, bengkak</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Kemerah2han, kering, bercak & mudah pecah.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Hr↗, Hd↗, irama tidak teratur.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Tonus <, lembek, tidak berkembang</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Anoreksia/ konstipasi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Reflex menurun, emosi tidak stabil, bingung</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Energy <, lelah, < tidur</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Overweight, under weight</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Riwayat diet</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pola makan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Intake makanan/ perhari</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Penggunaan vit.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Masalah- masalah yang berhubungan dengan diet</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Diet yang kurang adekuat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gangguan perubahan citrasa pembau, dst.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan yang menimbulkan energy</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">FACTOR YANG
MEMPENGARUHI DIET</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kultur </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kepercayaan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Status ekonomi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gaya hidup</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kepercayaan tentang efek makanan terhadap
kesehatan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Factor psikologi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">DIAGNOSA</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gangguan nutrisi lebih dari kebutuhan tubuh b.d</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kelebihan intake nutrisi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>< aktifitas</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gangguan metabolic dan endokrin</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Penggunaan makanan tambahan yang tidak sesuai</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">PERENCANAAN</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pada dasarnya perencanaan bertujuan :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mempertahankan / meningkatkan status nutrisi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mencegah terjadinya masalah nutrisi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mamfasilitasi klien agar nyaman pada waktu makan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gangguan nitrisi kurang dari kebutuhan tubuh b.d</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Diare kornis</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mal absorbs</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gangguan psikologi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cemas b.d obesitas ( contoh lain )</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">EVALUASI</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Diharapkan klien akan :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mempunyai ukuran lipatan kulit<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>tricep yang normal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mempunyai ukuran L. lengan atas normal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mempunyai berat badan normal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mempertahankan intake cairan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mendemostrasikan perencanaan untuk mengurangi
kelbihan BB</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mendemostrasikan perencanaan untuk meningkatkan
BB</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mampunyai kadar glukosa darah dan urin normal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi dengan kemampuan yang
dimiliki</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Merecanakan penggunaan bahan maksimal sesuai
dengan diet</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mengidentifikasi mak yang tinggi kalsium</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">IMPLEMENTASI</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Intervensi konseling tentang diet</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Intervensi pendidikan diet khusus</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Intervensi pemberian makanan pasien ditempat
tidur</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Intervensi pemberian maksimal melalui pipa
penduga lambung. Parental</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">EVALUASI</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Diharapkan
klien akan :</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Mempunyai ukuran lipatan
kulit tricep yang normal</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Mempunyai ukuran L. lengan
atas normal</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Mempunyai berat badan normal</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Mempertahankan intake cairan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Mendemonstrasikan
perencanaan untuk mengurangi kelebihan BB</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Mendemonstrasikan
perencanaan untuk meningkatkan BB</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Mempunyai kadar glukosa
darah dan urine N</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi
dengan kemampuan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>yang dimiliki</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Merencanakan penggunaan
bahan maksimal sesuai dengan diet</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Mengidentifikasi makanan
yang tinggi klasium</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">STANDAR MAKANAN PASIEN</span></b><span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l16 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan biasa</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l16 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan lunak</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l16 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan saring</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l16 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan cair</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l16 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan lewat pipa</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan biasa</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Makanan yang diberikan kepada pasien yang
tidak memerlukan makanan khusus karena penyakitnya.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Syaratnya :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tidak memerlukan makanan khusus</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tidak merangsang/ menimbulkan rangsangan pada
saluran cerna</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cukup kalori protein dan zat lain</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Nilai gizi 2230 pria, 2005 wanita</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bahan makanan dapat ditukar dengan makanan lain
sesuai makanan yang ada didaerahnya</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan pokok beras/ nasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sayuran campuran, kacang – kacangan, daun warna
hijau, dll.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Untuk wanita hamil / menyusui hendaknya
diberikan tambahan 1 – 2 gelas susu/ hari</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan tidak boleh diberikan :<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>berlemak, terlalu manis/ asin dan tidak
menggunakan bahan pengawet.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
Pembagian makanan sehari</div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: .5in; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
PAGI</div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
SIANG/ SORE</div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
TAMBAHAN</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Beras/ nasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Telor / daging</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sayuran </div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Beras/ nasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Daging/ ayam</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tahu/ tempe</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sayuran</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>buah</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Jam 10.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Snack/ k. ijo</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Jam 16.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Snack/ k. hijau</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan Lunak</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Makanan diberikan kepada pasien sesudah
operasi/ penyakit infeksi saluran pencernaan dengan kenaikan suhu tinggi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Syarat.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan dapat diberikan langsung / perpindahan
dari makanan saring</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan mudah dicerna, rendah serat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tidak mengandung bumbu yang tidak merangsang
saluran cerna</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cukup kalori, protein zat gizi lain</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 38.7pt;">
Pembagian makanan dalam sehari
menu hanya nasi diganti bubur.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 38.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan Saring</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Makanan saring yang diberikan kepada pasien
sesudah operasi, infeksi akut termasuk saluran cerna.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Syarat .</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Melihat keadaan pasien</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Diberikan langsung/ perpindahan makanan saring</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan harus mengandung zat gizi sama dengan
makanan lunak tapi harus duhaluskan</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 38.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 38.7pt;">
Pembagian makanan/ hari</div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PAGI</b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">SIANG/
SORE</b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TAMBAHAN</b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
T. beras/ bubur susu</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Telor ½ matang</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Susu</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bubur saring</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Semur daging</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Telor rebus</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Wortel</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Air jeruk</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Jam 10. Pudding</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Jam 16. Susu</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Jam 20. Susu </div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 38.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 38.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan cair</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Makanan cair diberikan sebelum/ sesudah
operasi tertentu dalam keadaan mual dan muntah dengan kesadaran menurun, suhu
badan panas dan infeksi akut. Jika mengganggu saluran cerna.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Makanan cair</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berupa cairan jernih</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tidak merangsang</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tidak meninggalkan sisa</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pemberian diabetes 1 – 2 hari</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 38.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 38.7pt;">
Pemberian makanan dan minuman</div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PAGI</b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">SIANG
/ SORE</b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TAMBAHAN</b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
The manis</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Cairan kental yang dibuat dari susu, telor & gula</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Kaldu jernih</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Air jeruk</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Jam 10. Air bubur, sirup</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Jam 16. The manis</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 38.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 38.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan lewat pipa ( NGT )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Tidak bisa makan sendiri</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Syarat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan cair yang terbuat dari sari buah, cairan
kental yang dibuat susu, telor gula dan margarine.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 38.7pt;">
Banyaknya makanan dalam sehari
1500 – 2000 cc yang dibagi dalam porsi 6 – 8 X</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
Makanan lewat pipa</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1500 kalori<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">200 cc / makan</i></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
II<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1700 klaori<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">150 cc / makan 8x</i></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
III<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2200 klaori<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>total
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">250 - 300</i></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 36.0pt; line-height: 115%;">PROSEDUR PEMENUHAN</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 36.0pt; line-height: 115%;">KEBUTUHAN NUTRISI</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Tujuan intruksional</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Malakukan pemberian nutrisi melalui oral</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Melakukan pemberian nutrisi melalui pipa lambung</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Melakukan pemberian nutrisi melalui parenteral</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Kebutuhan nutrisi bagi tubuh marupakan satu kebutuhan dasar
manusia yang sangat penting. Dilihat dari kegunaannya nutrisi merupakan sumber
energy untuk segala aktivitas dalam system tubuh. Sumber nutrisi dalam tubuh
berasal dari tubuh sendiri, seperti glikogen yang terdapat dalam otot dan hati
ataupun protein dan lemak dalam jaringan sumber lain yang berasal dari luar
tubuh seperti yang sehari<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>- hari dimakan
oleh manusia. Pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi kepada anak akan sangat berguna
dalam<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>membantu proses tumbuh – kembang.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Proses pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi kepada orang sakit yang
tidak mampu secara mandiri dapat dilakukan dengan cara membantu memenuhinya
melalui oral ( mulut ), enteral ( pipa lambung ), atau parenteral.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Pemberian Nutrisi
Melalui Oral</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Tindakan ini merupakan tindakan keperawatan yang dilakukan
pada klien yang tidak mampu kebutuhan nutrisi per oral secara mandiri.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Tujuan.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi pasien</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Alat dan Bahan</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Piring</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sendok</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Garpu </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gelas</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Serbet</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mangkok cuci tangan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pengalas</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan dengan porsi dan menu sesuai program</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Prosedur Kerja</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Beri penjelasan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cuci tangan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Atur pasien dengan duduk/ setengah duduk sesuai kondisi
pasien</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pasang pengalas</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tawarkan pasien melakukan ritual makan (
misalnya, berdoa sebelum makan )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bantu aktivitas dengan cara menyuap makan
sedikit demi sedikit dan berikan minum sesudah makan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bila selesai makan, bersihkan mulut pasien dan
anjurkan duduk sebentar</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Catat tindakan dan hasil atau respon terhadap
tindakan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cuci tangan setelah prosedur dilakukan</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PEMBERIAN NUTRISI
MELALUI PIPA LAMBUNG</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Tindakan ini dilakukan pada klien yang tidak mampu memenuhi
kebutuhan nutrisi per oral atau adanya ganguan fungsi menelan. Tindakan
pemberian nutrisi melalui pipa lambung dapat dilakukan dengan pemasangan pipa
lambung lebih dahulu kemudian dapat dilakukan pemberian nutrisi. ( diganti 3 x
24 jam )</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Tujuan </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi pasien</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Pemasangan Pipa Lambung</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Alat dan Bahan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pipa penduga dalam tempatnya (nampan )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Spuit 20 cc/ 10 cc</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pengalas</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bengkok</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Plaster dan gunting</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan dalam bentuk cair</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Air matang</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Obat – obatan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Stetoskop</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Klem</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Baskom beris air ( kalau tidak ada stetoskop )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Vaselin</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PROSEDUR KERJA</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cuci tangan </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Jelaskan prosedur yang akan dilakukan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Atur posisi pasien dengan posisi semi – fowler</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bersihkan daerah hidung dan beri pengalas di
daerah dada</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Letakan bengkok didekat pasien</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tentukan letak pipa penduga cara mengukur
oanjang pipa dari epigastrum sampai hidung kemudian dibengkokan ke telinga dan
beri tanda batasnya</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berikan paselin atau pelican pada ujung pipa dan
klem pangkal pipa tersebut lalu masukan melalui hidung secara perlahan – lahan
sambil pasien dianjurkan untuk menelannya.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tentukan apakah pipa benar – benar sudah masuk
ke lalmbung, dengan cara :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Masukan ujung selang yang di klem kedalam baskom
yang berisi air ( klem dibuka ) dan perhatikan bila ada gelembung, pipa masuk
ke paru dan jika tidak ada gelembung pipa tersebut masuk kelambung setelah itu
diklem atau dilipat kembali.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Masukan kedalam sipuit kedalam lambung melalui
pipa tersebut dan dengarkan dengan stetoskop. Apabila dilambung terdengar
bunyi, berarti pipa tersebut sudah masuk. Setelah itu, keluarkan udara yang ada
di dalam sebayak jumlah yang dimasukan.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l14 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cuci tangan setelah prosedur dilakukan.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Pemberian Nutrisi</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Alat dan Bahan</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Corong</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Spuit 20 cc/ 50 cc/ 10 cc untuk ngecek</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pengalas</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bengkok</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Makanan dalam bentuk cair</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Air matang</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Obat – obatan ( bila ada )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Klem</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Stetoskop</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Prosedur Kerja</b></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 239.4pt;" valign="top" width="319">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Jelaskan
prosedur yang akan dilakukan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Cuci
tangan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Atur
posisi semi fowler</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Pasang
pengalas </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Letakan
bengkok</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Periksa
dahulu sisa makanan dilambung dengan menggunakan spuit yang diaspirasikan ke
pipa lambung</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Buka
klem/ penutup</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Lakukan
tindakan pemberi makan dengan cara pasang corong/ spuit pada pangkal pipa</div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 239.4pt;" valign="top" width="319">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Masukan
air matang 15 cc pada awal dengan cara dituangkan lewat pinggirannya</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Berikan
makanan dalam bentuk cair yang tersedia, kemudian, bila ada obat-obatan
masukan dan beri minum lalu diklem pipa penduga</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Catat
hasilnya atau respon pasien selama pemberian makanan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Cuci
tangan setelah prosedur dilakukan</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Pemberian Nutrisi
Parental</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Nutrisi parental merupakan pemberian nutrisi berupa cairan
infus yang dimasukan kedalam tubuh melalui darah vena baik sentral ( untuk
nutrisi parental total ) atau vena perifer ( untuk nutrisi parental parsial ).
Pemberian nutrisi melalui parental dilakukan pada pasien yang tidak dapat
dipenuhi kebutuhan nutrisinya melalui oral atau enteral.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
TUJUAN</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Mempertahankan kebutuhan nutrisi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Metode Pemberian</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Nutrisi parental pasial</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Pemberian sebagian kebutuhan nutrisi
melalui intravena. Sebagai kebutuhan nutrisi harian pasien masih dapat dipenuhi
melalui enteral. Cairan yang biasanya digunakan dalam bentuk dekstrosa atau
cairan asam amino.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Nutrisi Parental Total</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Pemberian nutrisi melaui jalur intravena
ketika kebutuhan nutrisi sepenuhnya harus dipenuhi melalui cairan infuse.
Cairan yang dapat digunakan adalah cairan yang mengandung karbohidrat seperti
triofusin E1000, cairan yang mengandung asam amino, seperti Pan Amin G dan
cairan yang mengandung lemak, seperti itralipid</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Lokasi pemberian nutrisi secara parental melalui
vena sentral dapat melaui vena antikubital pada vena basilica sefalika, vena
subklavia, vena jugularis interna dan externa, dan vena femoralis. Nutrisi
parental melaui perifer dapat dilakukan pada sebagia vena didaerah tangan dan
kaki.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Prosedur perawatan
kateter pemberian nutrisi parental</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Jelaskan prosedur pada pasien</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cuci tangan </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gunakan cara aseptic dalam perawatan kateter</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ganti balutan tiap 24 -28 jam</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ganti set infuse maksimal 2 x 24 jam</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gantu posisi pemasangan infuse maksimal 3x24 jam</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Perhatikan tanda flebitis, inflamasi, dan
trombosit</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Jangan gunakan untuk pengambilan sampel darah
dan pemberian obat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Lakukan pemantauan selama pemberian nutrisi
parental, antara lain :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pemerikasaan laboratium seperti urium kreatinin,
gula darah, elektrolit, dan faal hepar</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Timbang berat badan pasien</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Periksa reduksi urine</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Observasi jumlah cairan yang masuk dan keluar</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cairan jangan digantung lebih dari 24 jam</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pemberian asam amino harus bersamaan dengan
karbohidrat dengan harapan kalori yang dibutuhkan akan dipenuhi karbohidrat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.7pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cuci tangan setelah prosedur dilakukan</div>
</div>My Diaryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10691733669403958805noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5126531482759527723.post-1270868946500411662012-04-23T01:22:00.002-07:002012-04-23T01:22:28.331-07:00Seksualitas<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">SEKSUAL MANUSIA SEPANJANG KEHIDUPAN</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>MASA KANAK – KANAK</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Organ – organ reproduksi masih imatur dan
bentuk tubuh anak laki-laki dan anak perempuan masih sama selama masih
kanak-kanak, identas seksual/ jenis kelamin terus berkembang.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>MASA REMAJA</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Adalah masa transisi dari masa kanak-kanak
kemasa dewasa</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u>Masa remaja ditandai dengan</u></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Perubahan fisik pubertas</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Emosional yang kompleks</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Dramatis serta penyesuaian social yang penting
untuk menjadi dewasa</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>PUBERTAS</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
Adalah saat dimana system
reproduksi mengalami kematangan.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">PERUBAHAN – PERUBAHAN PADA MASA
PUBERTAS</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l44 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Perubahan dalam bentu tubuh</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l44 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kecepatan pertumbuhan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l44 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Perkembangan organ tubuh</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
Pada anak perempuan perubahan ini
terlihat pada usia 10 Th dan 15 th, sedangkan pada anak laki-laki antara usia
12 th & 17 th.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
PERUBAHAN YANG KHAS PADA ANAK LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l31 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pada anak laki-laki</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 74.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Peningkatan kuran testis & penis</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 74.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pertumbuhan rambut pubis</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 74.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Wajah, aksila & dada</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 74.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pelebaran dada</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 74.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tinggi & berat badan bertambah</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 74.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pembentukan sperma</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 74.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Emisi noktural<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>( mimpi basah )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l31 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pada anak perempuan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pertumbuhan puting susu dan payudara</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pertumbuhan rambut pubis dan aksila</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pingggul dan pelpis melebar</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menarke<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(
awal menstruasi ) dan ovulasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>MASA DEWASA & KEDEWASAAN </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Kedewasaan adalahperkembangan sempurna
potensi seseorang.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Misal :</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kedewasaan fisik terjadi secara spontan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>→ bila tersedia energy dan olah raga yang
cukup.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kedewasaan psiologis terjadi dalam situasi
mental yang sehat → bila kebutuhan terpenuhi & penyakit dapat dicegah/
diobati.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>KLIMAKTERIUM</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Menjadi puncak dari semua periode kehidupan
ketika organ – organ reproduksi<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>menjadi
tidak aktif.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">CONTOH :</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l33 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pada wanita terhentinya mens</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l33 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pada laki-laki menurunnya fertilitas<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>( kesuburan )</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u>PENYULIT PADA
SIKLUS RESPON SEKSUAL.</u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Penyulit yang menyerang fungsi system reproduksi pada :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l45 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PADA LAKI-LAKI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l41 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">IMPOTEN</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Ketidak mampuan seseorang pria untuk
mengalami dan mempertahankan ereksi penis.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">IMPOTEN PRIMER</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Tidak pernah mampu untuk mancapai/
mempertahankan suatu ereksi yang cukup untuk memasuki vagina</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">IMPOTEN SEKUNDER</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
Pria tersebut pernah malakukan koitus pada
waktu yang lampau tetapi sekarang tidak dapat melakukannya lagi.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PENYEBAB FISIK PADA IMPOTEN SEKUNDER TERMASUK KELAINAN ANATOMIS :</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l47 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kardiorespirator</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l47 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Endokrin</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l47 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Genitourinaria</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l47 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Neurologis</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l47 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Penyakit Hematologi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l47 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Obat – obatan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l41 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">GANGGUAN EJAKULASI</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Mencakup inkompeten ejakulasi &
ejakulasi premature</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">INKOMPETEN EJAKULASI</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Terjadi ketika seorang pria tidak mampu
untuk berejakulasi di dalam vagina<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>→
biasanya disebabkan oleh tekanan mental yang berat.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">EJAKULASI PREMATUR</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Ketidak mampuan mengontrol proses ejakulasi
yang cukup lama selama penetrasi vagina untuk memuaskan pasangannya 50% dari
waktu ketika koitus terjadi ( menurut peneliti master dan Johnson ).</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l41 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">DYSPAREUNIA</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Dyspareunia atau koitus yang menyakitkan
terjadi pada pria dengan berbagai alas an, termasuk :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Infeksi glans penis </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Fimosis<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(
konstriksi prefutium )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Hypersensitivitas terhadap sekresi vagina</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l41 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PENUAAN</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Menyebabkan perubahan khusus pada siklus
respon seksual pria tetapi tidak menjadi penyebab gangguan yang berarti.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l45 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">B.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PADA WANITA</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l24 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">DYSFUNGSI ORGASME</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">PRIMER</i></b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>→<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>respon non orgasme terhadap setiap jenis rangsangan.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">SITUASIONAL</i></b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>→ paling tidak penderita mengalami satu kali
respon orgasme tetapi tidak seperti orgasme.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l24 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">VAGINISMUS</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Adalah keadaan psikofisikal dimana otot
yang mengelilingi vagina mengalami kontraksi spastic involunter, secara efektif
menutup vagina sehingga mencegah masuknya penis yang berereksi.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l24 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">DYSPAREUNIA</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Rasa nyeri yang sangat saat koitus, terjadi
karena banyak penyebab seperti :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l46 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Infeksi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l46 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Iritasi klitoris</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l46 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sensitivitas</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l46 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Robekan ligament yang besar</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l24 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PENUAAN</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
Merupakan bagian normal dalam hidup, walaupun
hal ini menyebabkan perubahan dalam siklus respons seksual wanita.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">OBAT – OBATAN YANG
MENGINDUKSI TERJADINYA DISFUNGSI SEKSUAL</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l19 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">OBAT-OBATAN ANTI HYPERTENSI</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">DIURETIK
( NAMA GOL OBAT )</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">THIAZIDE<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>→ </b>menyebabkan penurunan libido, ganggan
ereksi dan gangguan ejakulasi.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">SPIRONOLACTON<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>→</b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>menyebabkan gangguan ereksi pada 30% pasien.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">B.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">METHYLDOPA<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>( ALDOMET )</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Menimbulkan gangguan pada pusat rangsangan sentral<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>( di tulang belakang ) dan pusat rangsangan
perifer ( tulang ekor ), yang mempengaruhi proses ereksi.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l19 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">OBAT
– OBATAN JANTUNG</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">DISOPYRAMIDE<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>→<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b>menyebabkan
impotensi karena menghambat relaksasi yang dibutuhkan untuk proses ereksi.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l19 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">OBAT
– OBATAN ANTIHISTAMIN</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
Dapat menyebabkan gangguan ereksi, sedangkan
sedasinya ( obat tidur ) dapat menurunkan libido karena ngntuk terus.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PENGERTIAN KEBUTUHAN
SEKSUAL</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Adalah kebutuhan dasar manusia berupa ekspresi perasaan dua
orang individu secara pribadi yang saling menghargai, memperhatikan dan
menyayangi sehingga terjadi sebuah hubungan timbale balik antara kedua individu
tersebut.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
TINJAUAN SEKSUAL DALAM BEBERAPA ASPEK :</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Makna seksual dapat ditinjau dari berbagai aspek diantaranya
:</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l42 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Aspek biologis<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>→<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i>aspek
ini memandang dari segi biologi seperti pandangan anatomi dan pisiologi dari
system reproduksi ( seksual ), kemampuan orang seks, dan adanya hormonal serta
system syaraf yang berfungsi atau berhubungan dengan kebutuhan seksual.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l42 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Aspek
Psiologis<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>→ </i>aspek ini merupakan
pandangan terhadap identitas jenis kelamin, subuah perasaan dari diri sendiri
terhadap kesadaran identitasnya, serta memandang gambaran seksual atau bentuk
konsep diri yang lain.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l42 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Aspek
sosia budaya<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>→<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i>aspek ini merupakan pandangan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>budaya atau keyakinan yang berlaku
dimasyarakat terhadap kebutuhan seksual serta perilakunya dimasyarakat.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">SEKSUALITAS</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b>Fisiologi
pada pria & wanita</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l30 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Fisiologi pada pria</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Berbeda dengan genetalia wanita, genetalia
laki-laki → diluar tubuh</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l15 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Testis </i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sebesar buah kenari, terasa licin & dapat
digerakan dengan bebas dalam skrotum</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Memproduksi sperma & hormone penting untuk
mempertahankan sifat kelamin laki-laki</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Testosterone → bertanggung jawab untuk
membedakan sifat maskulinisasi tubuh ( bentuk muka laki-laki, pertumbuhan
janggut bulu-bulu badan )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l15 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Scrotum </i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bentuk menyerupai kantong tempat testis berada,
secara normal terdapat 2 testis, terjuntai diantara kedua paha atas → untuk
mempertahankan suhu kelenajar tersebut dibawah suhu tubuh. pe↗ suhu memperpendek
hidup sperma → menghambat spermatogenesis.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cuaca dingin → otot-otot skrotum berkontraksi,
mendorong testis dekat dengan tubuh.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cuaca panas → otot-otot skrotum hampir relaksasi
sempurna sehingga testis tergantung jauh dari tubuh.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Disuplai dengan banyak kel. Keringat →
mempertahankan testis agar tetap dingin.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Dirancang utnuk bekerja sebagai mekanisme
pendingin bagi testis, tanpa ini spermatogenesis akan ber <.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l15 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Penis</i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.1pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menyerupai bentuk pipa, terletak di atas skrotum</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.1pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tdd batang & <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">glans </i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>( kepala penis )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.1pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pria yang tidak disirkunsisi kepalanya ditutupi
oleh kulit longgar (kulup) yang dapat ditarik.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.1pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Lunak & lembek, normal panjangnya 2,5 – 4
inci terjadi ereksi → pembuluh darah dibatang penis kongesti → jadi keras &
tegak → ukuran jadi 5,5 – 7 inci → glans sensitive sekali terhadap rangsangan.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.1pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 56.1pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berfungsi<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>:</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Untuk mengeluarkan urine dari kandung kemih</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Untuk mengeluarkan air mani</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Untuk “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">impregnate”</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>wanita</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sebagai organ kelamin untuk kesenangan sexsual</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 56.1pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Daerah sekitar penis dan skrotum ditutupi dengan
rambut</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Seminal plasma & sperma bersatu → air mani ( semen )
semen kental, berwarna putih krem dengan konsistensi seperti lendir atau putih
telur.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Normal ml-nya 2 – 6 ml per ejakulasi atau rata-rata 3,5 ml
tiap ml mengandung sekitar 120 – 160 juta sperma, walaupun hanya satu sperma
yang diperlukan untuk membuahi.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l30 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Fisiologi pada wanita</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Dibagi 2<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>a.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>genetalia external</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>b.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>genetalia internal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l26 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Genetalia external</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mons pubis </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bagian yang menonjol & tdd jaringan lemak
yang menutupi bagian depan symphisis pubis.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pubertas → tertutup oleh rambut</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mengandung banyak ujung syaraf → sensitive bila
disentuh</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Labia mayora </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Berbentuk lonjong & menonjong, tdd jaringan
lemak mulai dari mons pubis, berjalan ke bawah & balakang</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Labia mayora sinistra & dextra bersatu
disebelah blk & mirip batas depan dari perineum.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tdd 2 permukaan :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo30; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bagian luar → kulit biasa & ditumbuhi rambut</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo30; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bagian dalam → selaput lendir & mengandung
banyak kel. Sebasea.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Homolog dengan skrotum pria</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Labia minora</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Terletak sebelah medial dari labia mayora</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tipis, sensitive & berwarna merah muda pucat
bila terangsang karena sentuhan → berubah merah tua ( pebuluh darah → congesti
)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tidak mempunyai rambut dan teksturnya licin</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Clitoris</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo31; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Letak diatas saluran kencing, berhubungan dengan
labia minora → “ <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">clitoral hood”</i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo31; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sebesar kancing, analog dengan penis
laki-laki<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>→ berereksi bila dirangsang</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo31; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mirip jaringan erektif, mengandung banyak
pembuluh darah & urat syaraf → sensitive sekali</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Vestibulum </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo32; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mirip rongga sebelah ateral → kedua labia
minora, anterior → clitoris, dorsal → fourchet</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo32; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Terhadap muara-muara dari vagina, uretha &
terdapat 4 lubang kecil :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
2 muara dari kel. Bartholini yang terdapat disamping dan agak ke balik
dari introitus vagina → mengeluarkan secret mucus terutama pada waktu coitus.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Hymen </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo33; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Selaput tipis yang tidak jelas fungsinya &
menutupi sebagian besar dari introitus vagina.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo33; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Dulu dianggap hymen menunjukan “kegadisan”→
kaliru</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo33; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Biasanya berlubang sebesar ujung jari hingga
getah dari genetalia interna & darah haid dapat mengalir keluar.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo33; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Hymen tertutup sama sekali → “ Hymen Occlusivum
“ </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo33; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Setelah partus, hanya tinggal sisa-sisa kecil
pada pinggir intorius → “ Carunculae Myrtiformis “</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l26 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Genetalia Interna</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
Meliputi<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>:</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l37 level1 lfo34; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ovarium </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l32 level1 lfo35; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Normal mempunyai 2 ovarium, masing-masing
terletak dikiri dan kanan uterus.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l32 level1 lfo35; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ukuran & bentuk menyerupai buah “almond”
(kenari)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l32 level1 lfo35; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Fungsi<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mengeluarkan hormone estrogen
& progesterone, memproduksi ovum.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l37 level1 lfo34; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tuba fallopi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo36; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Fungsi<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>:
untuk mengangkut ovum “matur” dari ovarium ke uterus</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo36; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tempat terjadinya fertilisasi ovum dengan
sperma. Ovum yang sudah dibuahi → menuju uterus untuk menanamkan diri. Ovum
yang tidak dibuahi → dibuang keluar pada saat haid.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l37 level1 lfo34; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Uterus</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Organ yang tebal, berotot, berbentuk seperti
buah pir</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Terletak antara kandung kemih & rectum</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Fungsi utama : sebagai tempat pemeliharaan
kehamilan ( perkembangan embryo di dalam uterus )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Uterus terdapat 3 lapisan :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo38; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Terluar <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>perimetrium mengandung jaringan elastic</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo38; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tengah<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>myometrium<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>→ lapisan otot polos</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo38; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Dalam<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>erdometrium<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>→ lapisan yang mempunyai arti penting dalam siklus haid.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Uterus tdd :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo39; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Fundus uteri</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo39; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Korpus uteri</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo39; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Servik uteri</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Ujung servik → porsio yang menghubungkan uterus & vagina</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l37 level1 lfo34; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Vagina</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tabung yang dilapisi membrane, dialiri banyak
pembuluh darah &<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>serabut syaraf</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Penghubung antara introitus vagina & uterus</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Terletak antara saluran kencing dan rectum</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Dinding vagina sebelah dalam berlipat-lipat
disebut <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">rugae</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo37; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Fungsi :<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>1.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Tempat koitus</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 157.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Jalan lahir bayi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 157.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tempat keluarnya darah haid</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo40; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Selama aktifitas seksual, dinding vagina
mengandung secret, agak encer, kadang-kandang dalam jumlah yang banyak.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo40; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pelumas ini penting untuk tingkat kenyamanan
pada waktu koitus.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PAYUDARA</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo41; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mirip fisik wanita yang mempunyai aspek penting
pada saat seksual.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo41; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mengandung jaringan lemak & “nipples” (
Putting )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo41; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ukuran & bentuk berbeda-beda</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo41; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cumbuan / elusan pada payudara dapat
menyenangkan selama aktifitas seksual & banyak menimbulkan orgasme pada
beberapa wanita.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
EKSPRESI SEKSUAL</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Cara seseorang mencapai kepuasan oleh rangsangan seksual :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l16 level1 lfo42; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mastrubasi
</i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Teknik dari ekspresi seksual dimana
individu melakukan rangsangan sendiri</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Pria<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>→ memegang & menggerakan batang penis</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Wanita → secara manual pada clitoris</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l16 level1 lfo42; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hubungan
seksual</i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Hubungan seksual antara pria & wanita
disebut “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Seksualitas” </i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>manusia berbeda dengan binatang → harus
belajar bagaimana melakukan hubungan seksual.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Coitus
</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dimulai dengan rangsangan → diikuti
periode kegiatan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Foreplay”</i> ( bercumbu-cumbuan)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l16 level1 lfo42; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Penetrasi </i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo43; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kegiatan memasukan penis kedalam vagina</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo43; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai posisi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Contoh<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>: posisi <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Missionary </i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dimana letak wanita horizontal di bawah pria</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l16 level1 lfo42; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bentuk lainnya</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo44; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sodomi</i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Kegiatan memasukan penis kelubang anus ( illegal )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo44; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sadisme</i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
Berkenaan
dengan perlakuan seksual yang berlebihan dimana mengakibatkan siksaan /
perlakuan yang kejam terhadap pasangannya.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI SEKSUALITAS </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l48 level1 lfo45; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Hal-hal yang mempengaruhi perkembangan </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l48 level1 lfo45; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kebudayaan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l48 level1 lfo45; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Agama</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l48 level1 lfo45; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Etika</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l48 level1 lfo45; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gaya hidup</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l39 level1 lfo46; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SIKLUS RESPON SEKSUAL </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
Secara fisiologis → pada pria
& wanita lebih banyak persamaannya <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u>maste : & jonson</u></i></b> membagi
siklus respon kedalam 4 fase :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l12 level1 lfo47; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fase
Excitement ( bergairah )</i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Timbul sebagai akibat rangsangan fisik
& mental → mengakibatkan perubahan pisiologis ( pada pria & wanita sama
), meliputi :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Peningkatan nadi pernapasan, tekanan darah
dan mungkin terlihat kemerahan pada tubuh secara menyeluruh yang disebut “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Seks Flush “ </i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>jelas terlihat pada wanita dari pada pria,
menjalar keseluruh muka, leher, punggung dan badan bagian atas. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fase excitement</i> dimulai dengan kongesti
genetalia →akibat meningkatnya aliran darah & menyebabkan meningkatnya
rangsangan :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
→<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>pada wanita<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ukuran payudara & vagina meningkat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
→<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>pada pria <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>timbul ereksi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Wanita → perlu waktu lebih panjang untuk
timbul rangsangan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l12 level1 lfo47; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fase
Plateau</i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l36 level1 lfo48; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Lebih hebat dari pada <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">fase exctement, </i>tetapi belum cukup untuk menjadi orgasme</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l36 level1 lfo48; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Merupakan fase dengan kekuatan sesual tertinggi
& dapat dipertahankan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l36 level1 lfo48; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Beberapa pria belajar untuk memperpanjang fase
tersebut</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l12 level1 lfo47; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fase
orgasme</i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo49; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Merupakan puncak & letupan seksual</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo49; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ditandai dengan keluarnya sperma</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l12 level1 lfo47; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fase
Resolution ( resolusi )</i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l34 level1 lfo50; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Fungsi tubuh kembali normal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l34 level1 lfo50; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Perasaan akan rileks, letih & mendaparkan
kepuasan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l34 level1 lfo50; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Aktifitas seksual dapat dipertahankan → siklus
respon seksual terulang kembali.</div>
</div>My Diaryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10691733669403958805noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5126531482759527723.post-71515265855582017622012-04-23T01:21:00.000-07:002012-04-23T01:21:23.384-07:00MOBILISASI DAN MEKANIKA TUBUH<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="Section1">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">MOBILISASI DAN MEKANIKA
TUBUH</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pengertian</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mobilisasi adalah suatu kemampuan orang untuk
bergerak dengan bebas.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mekanika tubuh adl suatu usaha mengkoordinasi
system muskolekelatal dan system saraf dlam mempertahankan keseimbangan,
postur, dan kesejajaran tubuh selama mengangkat, membungkuk, bergerak, bergerak
dan melakukan aktivitas.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Body Aligment atau postur adl postur yang baik
karena menggunakan otot dan rangka tersebut secara benar. Misalnya pada posisi
duduk, berdiri, mengangkat benda dll.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Keseimbangan adl suatu kemampuan untuk mencapai
dan mempertahankan postur tubuh tetap tegak melawan gravitasi untuk mengatur
seluruh keterampilan aktivitas motorik.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sebelum bertanggung jawab terhadap reflex,
mengatur control secara involunter, dan mempertahankan keseimbangan serta
postur.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Telinga bagian dalam ( kanalis semisirkuler )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Koordinasi pergerakan tubuh adl kemampuan tubuh
dalam mempertahankan keseimbangan seperti kemampuan mengangkat benda, maksimal
57% dari berat badan.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kesejajaran tubuh yang benar mangurangi
ketegangan tubuh pada struktur musculoskeletal, mempertahankan tonus otot
secara adekuat dan menunjang keseimbangan.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Keseimbangan diperlukan untuk :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mempertahankan posisi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Memperolehkestabilan selama bergerak dari satu
posisi keposisi lain.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Melakukan aktivitas hidup sehari – hari.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bergerak bebas dikomunitas</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Kemampuan untuk
mencapai keseimbangan dipengaruhi :</b></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
<div class="Section2">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Penyakit</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Gaya
berjalaan yang tidak stabil ( toddler )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Kehamilan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Medikasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l11 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Proses
menua</div>
</div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span></b>
<div class="Section3">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">PRINSIP MEKANIKA TUBUH :</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Mekanika
tubuh yang benar diperlukan untuk mendukung kesehatan dan mencegah kecacatan.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Penggunaan
yang tidak benar dapat mengganggu kemampuan perawat untuk mengankat,
memindahkan dan mengubah posisi pasien.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Ketika
merancanakan untuk memindahkan pasien, atur utnuk bantuan yang adekuat. Gunakan
alat bantu mekanika jika bantuan tidak mencukupi.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R/ Dua orang tenaga kes. Mengangkat secara
bersama-sama membagi beban kerja menjadi 50%.</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Jaga
punggung, leher, pelvis dan kaki lurus. Cegah terpelintir.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R/ hal ini mendukung kemampuan dan kekuatan
pasien dengan meminimalkan beban kerja.</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Fleksikan
lutut :<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>buat kaki tetap lebar.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R/ dasar yang luas meningkatkan kestabilan.</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Dekatkan
tubuh tenaga kesehatan dengan pasien (objek yang akan diangkat).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R/ meminimalkan gaya pengangkatan 5 Kg pada
setinggi pinggang sama dengan 50 Kg pada setinggi lengan.</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Gunakan
lengan dan tungkai bukan pungggung.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R/
otot tungkai lebih kuat, makin besar otot makin besar kemampuan kerja tanpa
cedera.</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Tarik
pasien kearah penariknya menggunakan seprai yang dapat ditarik.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R/ menarik membutuhkan lebih sedikit tenaga
dari pada mengangkat. Seprai yang dapat ditarik meminimalkan gaya gesek, yang
dapat merusak kulit pasien.</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Rapatkan
otot abdomen dan gluteal untuk persiapan bergerak. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R/ mempersiapkan otot serentak
akan meminimlakan usaha mengangkat beban.</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Seseorang
dengan beban yang sangat berat diangkat bersama, dengan dipimpin seorang dengan
menghitung sampai tiga. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R/ mengangkat secara serentak akan
meminimalkan beban untuk beberapa orang pengangkat.</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Kondisi patologis yang mempengaruhi mobilisasi :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Kelainan
postur ( kondisi congenital )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Gangguan
perkembangan otot mis distropi muskuler</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Kerusakan
sistem saraf pusat mis stroke, cidera kepala, mengitis.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Trauma
langsung pada system musculoskeletal mis memar, kontusio, salah urat dan
faktur.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Factor-faktor yangmempengaruhi body dan pergerakan :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Tingkat
perkembangan tubuh</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Usia akan mempengaruhi tingkat perkembangan
neuromuskuler dan tubuh secara proposional, psotur, pergerakan dan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>reflex akan berfungsi secara optimal.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Kesehatan
fisik</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Penyakit, cacat tubuh dan immobilitas akan
mempengaruhi pergerakan tubuh.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Keadaan
nutrisi</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Kurangnya nutrisi dapat menyebabkan
kelemahan otot, dan obesitas dapat menebabkan pergerakan menjadi kurang bebas.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Emosi</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Rasa aman dan gembira dapat mempengaruhi
aktivitas seseorang.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Kelemahan
neuromuskuler dan sckeletal, kesusahan dapat menghilangkan semangat sehingga
kurang</b> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">aktivitas.</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Pekerjaan</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
Sesorang yang bekerja dikantor kurang
melakukan aktivitas bila dibndingakan dengan petani atau buruh.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kurangnya pergerakan (
immobilisasi)</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Gangguan
musculoskeletal</b></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
<div class="Section4">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Osteoporosis
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Atropi
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Kontraktur
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Kekakuan
dan sakit sendi</div>
</div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span></b>
<div class="Section5">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Gangguan
kardiavaskuler</b></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
<div class="Section6">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Posrutal
hipotensi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Valodilatasi
vena</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Peningkatan
penggunaan Valsava manuver</div>
</div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span></b>
<div class="Section7">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Gangguan
system respirasi</b></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
<div class="Section8">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Penurunan
gerakan pernapasan </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Bertambahnya
sekresi pernafasan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Atelektasis
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Hipistatis
pneumonia</div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
<div class="Section9">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ASUHAN KEPERWATAN</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>PENGKAJIAN</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Tingkat
aktivitas sehari- hari<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>pola aktivitas sehari-hari, jenis dan lamanya
latihan aktivitas.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Tingkat
kelelahan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>aktivitas yang membuat lelah, riwayat sesak
nafas.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Gangguan
pergerakan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>: penyebab gangguan
pergerakan, tanda dan gejala, efek dari ganguan pergerakan.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Tingkat kesadaran</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Postur/ bentuk tubuh</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ekstreminasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>DIAGNOSA
KEPERAWATAN</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Intoleransi
aktivitas<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>kondisi dimana seseorang mengalami penurunan
energy fisiologi dan psikologis untuk melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Kemungkinan penyebab<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>:</b></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
<div class="Section10">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kelemahan umum</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bedrest yang lama / immobilisasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Motivasi berkurang</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pembatasan pergekan</div>
</div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span></b>
<div class="Section11">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .75in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Kemungkinan ditemukan data<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>:</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Verbal mengatakan adanya kelemahan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sesak nafas / pucat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kesulitan dalam pernapasan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Abnormal nadi, TD terhadap respon aktivitas</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .75in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Kondisi klinis</b></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
<div class="Section12">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Anemia</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gagal ginjal kronik</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gagal jantung</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kardiak aritmia</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gangguan metabolisme</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gangguan musculoskeletal</div>
</div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span></b>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .75in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Tujuan yang diharapkan</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kelemahan yang berkurang</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bervartisipasi dalam perawatan diri</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mempertahankan kemapuan aktivitas seoptimal
mungkin</div>
</div>My Diaryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10691733669403958805noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5126531482759527723.post-46075193303780977142012-04-23T01:18:00.002-07:002012-04-23T01:18:40.761-07:00Diabetes Melitus<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 24.0pt; line-height: 115%;">DIABETES MELLITUS</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Bertujuan </b>Menyelesaikan
makanan dengan kesanggupan tubuh untuk menggunakannya, agar penderita mencapai
keadaan faali normal dan dapat melakukan pekerjaan sehari – hari seperti biasa.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Syarat – syarat</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Jumlah
kalori ditentukan menurut umur, jenis kelamin , berat badan dan tinggi badan ,
aktivitas, suhu tubuh, kelainan metabolic.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Jumlah
hidrat arang disesuaikan dengan kesanggupan tubuh untuk menggunakannya; gula
murni tidak diperbolehkan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Makanan
cukup prtein mineral dan vitamin.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Pemberian
makan an disesuaikan dengan macam obat yang diberikan.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Macam – macam dan
indikasi pemberian</b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
Diit I s.d III<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>diberikan pada penderita yang<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>terlalu gemuk</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
Diit IV s.d V<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>diberikan kepada penderita yang mempunyai
berat badan normal</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
Diit VI s.d VIII<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>diberikan kepada penderita kurus , diabetes
remaja ( juvenile diabetes ) atau diabetes dengan komplikasi.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">DIET TINGGI SERAT</span></b><span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Bertujuan </b>Merangsang
peristaltic usus agar defekasi dapat normal kembali</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Syarat – syarat </b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Cukup
kalori dan protein</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Tinggi
vitamin dan thiamin dan lain-lain vitamin B kompleks dan mineral untuk
memelihara kekuatan otot saluran pencerna.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Banyak
cairan 2-2½ liter sehari untuk memperlancar defekasi, minum sebelum makan dapat
merangsang peristaltic.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Tinggi
serat dan bahan makanan yang dapat merangsang peritaltik usus.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Indikasi Pemberian</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Diet tinggi serat diberikan kepada obstipasi dan penyakit
dipertikular</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">DIET PADA PENYAKIT
HATI</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Bertujuan </b>Memberikan
makanan secukupnya guna mempercepat perbaikan faal hati tanpa memberatkan
pekerjaannya.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">SYARAT- SYARAT</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Kalori
tinggi , hidrat arang tinggi, lemak sedang dan protein disesuaikan dengan
tingkat keadaan klinik penderita. Diit deberikan secara berangsur – angsur,
disesuaikan dengan nafsu makan dan toleransi penderita terhadap protein</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Cukup
mineral dan protein</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Garam
rendah bila ada retensi garam / air, cairan dibatasi bila ada ascites hebat.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Mudah
cerna dan tidak merangsang.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Bahan
makanan yang menimbulkan gas dihindarkan.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">MACAM – MACAM DIIT</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Diit hati I</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Diberikan kepada penderita chirhosis hepatis berat dan
hepatis infeksiosa akut dalam keadaan prekomaatau segera sesudah penderita
dapat makan kembali. Pemberian sumber protein sedapat mungkin dihindarkan.
Makanannya berupa cairan yang mengandung hidrat arang sederhana seperti sari
buah, sirop dan the manis.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Diet hati II</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Diberikan bila keadaan akut dan prekoma sudah dapat diatasi
dan penderita sudah mulai mampunyai nafsu makan. Makanannya dalam bentuk
cincang atau lemak . pemberian protein dibatasi ( 30 g sehari ) dan lemak
diberikan dalam bentuk mudah cerna.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Diie hati III</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Diberikan sebagai makanan perpindahan dari diet hati II atau
kepada penderita yan nafsu makannya cukup. Makanan yang diberikan dalam bentuk
lunak atau biasa, protein yang diberikan 1 g/kg berat badan. Lemak sedang dalam
bentuk mudah cerna.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Diit hati IV</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Diberikan sebagai makanan perpindahan dari diit hati III
atau kepada penderita hepatitis yang nafsu makannya telah baik, telah dapat
menerima protein dan tidak menunjukan gejala cirrhosis hepatis aktif. Makanan
yang diberikan dalam bentuk lunak atau biasa. Yang tinggi protein, hidrat
arang, lemak cukp vitamin dan mineral cukup.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">DIIT PADA PENYAKIT
KANTONG EMPEDU</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Tujuan </b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b>Mamberi<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>istirahat pada kantong empedu dan mengurangi rasa sakit </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b>Member makanan dan minuman secukupnya untuk
memelihara berat badan normal dan keseimbangan cairan tubuh.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Syarat – syarat</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Lemak
rendah untuk mengurangi kontraksi kantong empedu, lemak diberikan dalam bentuk
mudah cerna.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Kalori
protein dan hidrat arang cukup. Bila terlalu gemuk jumlah kalori dikurangi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Vitamin
tinggi terutama vitamin yang larut dalam lemak</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Mineral
cukup</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Cairan
tinggi untuk membantu pengeluaran kuman-kuman atau sisa-sisa metabolisma dan
mencegah dehidrasi.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Makan
tidak merangsang dan diberikan dalam persi kecil tetapi sering untuk mengurangi
rasa kembung.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">MACAM – MACAM DAN INDIKASI PEMBERIAN</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">diit rendah lemak I</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
diberikan kepada penderita cholecytitis dan cholelithiasis
dengan kolik akut makanan diberikan berupa buah-buahan dan minum-minuman manis.
Makanan ini rendah dalam kalori dan semua zat- zat kecuali vitamin A dan C dan
sebaiknya diberikan hanya 2-3 hari saja.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Diit rendah lemak II</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Diberikan secara berangsur bila keadaan akut bias diatasi
dan perasaan mual sudah berkurang atau kepada penyakit kantong empedu kronis
yang terlalu gemuk. Makanan yang diberikan dalam bentuk cincang , lunak atau
biasa. Makanan ini rendah dalam kalori dan kalsium.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Diit rendah lemak III</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Diberikan padan penderita penyekit kantong empedu yang tidak
gemuk dan cukupmempunyai nafsu makan . makanan yang diberikan dalam bentuk lunak
atau biasa makanan ini cukup dalam klaori dan semua zat-zat gizi.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">DIIT PADA PENYAKIT LAMBUNG</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
BERTUJUAN mamberi makanan yang adekwat, tidak merangsang,
dapat mengurangi pengeluaran cairan lambung dan dapat menetralkan kelebihan
asam lambung.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Prinsip – prinsipnya</b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mudah dicerna, makanan porsi kecil dan
diberikan sering</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Protein
cukup untuk mengganti jaringan yang rusak</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Tidak
merangsang secara mekanis, termis maupn kimia</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Mkanan
secara berangsur harus memenuhi kebutukan gizi normal</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Indikasi Pemberian</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Diet lambung diberikan kepada penderita ulcus pepticum,
oesophagitis, gastritis, tukak colon, typus abdonimalis dan sesudah operasi
saluran pencernaan.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Macam – macam</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">diet lambung I</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
diberikan kepada penderita ulcus pepticum akut, ulcus
pepticum dengan pendarahan, oesophagitis dan gastritis akut serta penderita
typus abdonimalis berat. Makanan yang diberikan berupa susu dan bubur hanya
diberikan selama 2 hari karena membosankan dan sangat kurang kalori, besi,
thiamin dan vitamin C. makanan diberikan dalam porsi kecil tiap 3 jam.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Diet lambung II</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Diberikan sebagai perpindahan diit lambung I setelah fase
akut dapat diatasi, pada typhus abdonimalis dengan suhu tubuh tinggi dan
sesudah operasi saluran pencernaan tertentu. Makanannya berbebtuk saring atau
cincang tiap 3 jam.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Diet lambung III</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Diberikan sbagai perpindahan diit lambung II atau kepada
penderita ulcus pepticum ringan, penderita typhus abdonimalis yang suhu
tubuhnya sudah kembali normal. Makanan berbentuk lunak, diberikan 6 kali sehari
dalam porsi kecil</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Diit lambung IV</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Diberikan kepada makanan perpindahan dari diit lambung III
atau kepada penderita ulcus pepticum ringan, gastritis ringan, oesophagitis
ringan serta thypus abdonimalis yang hamper sembuh. Makanannya dalam bentuk
lunak dan biasa, tergantung toleransi penderita. Makanan ini cukup kalori dan
semua zat-zat gizi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">DIIT RENDAH SISA</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
BERTUJUAN memberikan makan secukupnya yang sedikit mungkin
merangsang alat pencernaandan sedikit mungkin meninggalkan sisa.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Prinsipnya </b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Makanan hendaknya mudah cerna, tidak merangsang baik secara
mekanis, thermis maupun kimia dengan jalan :</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Menghindarkan makanan tinggi serat </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Menghindarkan makanan terlalu panas dan terlalu dingin</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Menghindarkan makanan tinggi lemak, terlalu manis, terlalu
asam dan terlalu berbumbu</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Memasak makanan hingga lunak</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">MACAM- MACAM</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Diit rendah sisa I</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Makanan yang diberikan dalam bentuk saring . makanan yang
mengandung banyak serat sama sekali tidak diperbolehkan, begitupun bumbu. Lemak
dan gula diberikan dalam jumlah terbatas bila penderita tahan ; susu tidak
diperbolehkan. Makanan ini diberikan selama beberapa hari saja karena rendah
kalori, protein, kalsium, besi, thiamin dan vitamin C.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Diit rendah sisa II</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Diberikan sebagai makanan perpindahan dari diit rendah sisa
I atau kepada penderita diare kronis. Makanannya dalam bentuk cincang atau
lunak. Makanan mengandung serat diperbolehkan dalam jumlah terbatas, begitupun
lemak dan gula, bumbu-bumbu yang merangsang tidak diperbolehkan. Makanan ini
cukup kalori dan zat-zat gizi.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ANOREKSIA NERVOSA </b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Penolakan secara sadar terhadap makanan</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Perasaan takut luar biasa akan kenaikan berat badan/ gemuk</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Gangguan pada cara seseoang tentang berat badan yang merasa
gemuk walaupun sudah kurus</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">BULIMIA</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Makanan yang berlebihan diikuti dengan cara memuntahkan
makanan sendiri, berpuasa dengan menggunakan obat pencahar/ diuretic</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PERBEDAANNYA</b></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">KARAKTERISTIK</b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.0pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">ANEROKSIA NERVOSA</b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 175.5pt;" valign="top" width="234">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">BULIMIA</b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">1.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">2.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">3.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">4. </b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">5.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">6.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">7.</b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div class="MsoNormal">
Usia ( th )</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sikap terhadap pengobatan</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Berat Badan</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Metabolic</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Gastrointestinal</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Kardiovaskuler</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
muskuleskeletal</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.0pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal">
12 s.d 30 → puncak 13-14 & 17-18</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Menyangkal terhadap satu masalah</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
25% atau lebih dibawah BB umum atau diinginkan.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Ketidak mampuan untuk mempertahankan suhu tubuh pada
tekanan panas/ dingin.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Penurunan pengosongan lambung, konstipasi, peningkatan
exym hepar.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Bradikardia, hipotensi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Penurunan dentitas tulang → derajat kurangnya berat badan</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 175.5pt;" valign="top" width="234">
<div class="MsoNormal">
17-18</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sering sangat rahasia terhadap perilaku bulimia,
tapisenang menerima bantuan ketika masalah diakui.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Hanya sedikit dibawah BB</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Menstruasi tidak teratur <20% amenore.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Pembesaran kelenjar parotis</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Keracunan : takikardia, kel. jantung</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</div>My Diaryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10691733669403958805noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5126531482759527723.post-82621464164528581992012-04-23T01:15:00.003-07:002012-04-23T01:15:29.281-07:00Farmakologi<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">FARMOKOLOGI</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Merupakan ilmu yang sangat luas cakupannya. Tapi dalam
kedokteran ilmu ini dibatasi tujuannya yaitu agar dapat menggunakan obat untuk
maksud diagnosis, pencegahan dan pengobatan penyakit.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dahulu parmokologimencakup pengetahuan tentang sejarah,
sumber, sifat kimia dan fisika, komposisi, efek fisiologis dan biokimia,
mekanisme kerja, absorbs, distribusi, biotransportasi, ekskresi dan penggunaan
obet.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Namun dengan berkembangnya pengetahuan beberapa bidang
tersebut telah berkembang menjadi cabang ilmu tersendiri.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">PERKEMBANGAN SEJARAH
OBAT</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Yang dimaksud dengan obat adalah semua zat kimiawi, hewani
maupun nabati, yang dalam garis layak dapat menyembuhkan, meringankan atau
mencegah penyakit/ gejala-gejalanya.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Obat yang pertama digunakan adalah obat yang berasal dari
tanaman yang dikenal dengan obat tradisional yan disebut juga di Indonesia</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sebelum dikenal sebagai obat, dikenal sebagai ilmu sihir,
racun pada ujung – ujung benda tajam / gas racun pada perang dunia pertama.
Para ahli kimia mulai mengisolasi zat aktif yang terkandung dalam obat
tradisional tersebut sehingga menghasilkanserangkaian zat-zat kimia.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sebagai obat misalnya </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Efedrin dari tanaman Ma Huang</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Atropine dari Atropa Belladonna</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Morphin dari candu</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Digoksin dari digitalis lanata</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Reserpin dari ravwolfiae serpentine</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Pada permulaan abad ke-20. Mulailah dibuat sintesisnya,
misalnya :</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“asetosal & Sufanilamid”. Penemuan – penemuan baru
menghasilkan kurang lebih 500 macam obat setiap tahunnya, sehingga obat-obat
kuno makin terdesak oleh obat-obat baru kebanyakan obat-obat yang kini
digunakan ditemukan sekitar 50 tahun yang lalu</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
OI dalam mempelajari obat-obat dari segala macam
aspeknyaditentukan beberapa definisi adalah :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Farmokologi atau ilmu khasiat obat adalah ilmu
yang mempelajari pengetahuan obat dalam sebuah aspeknya, yaitu : sifat – sifat
kimia dan fisikanya, kegiatan fisiologi, resoresi dan nasibnya didalam organism
hidup.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Farmakologi klinik adalh kegiatan menyelidiki
semua interaksi antara obat dan tubuh manusia, serta penggunaannya pada pengobatan
penyakit.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Farmakognesi adalah ilmu yang mempelajari
pengetahuan dan pengenalah obat-obat yang berasal dari tanaman, hewani dan
mineral dan zat-zat aktifnya.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Biofarmasi adalah kegiatan menyelidiki pengaruh
formulasi terhadap obat terhadap efek terapeutiknya,sehingga bentuk sediaan
obat harus dibuat sedemikian rupa sehingga menghasilkan efek yang optimal.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Farmakokinetika adalah bagian ilmu farmakologi
yang mempelajari nasib obat dalam tubuh seperti absobsi, distribusi, metabolism
dan ekskresinya.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Farmakodinamika adalah ilmu yang mempelajari
efek fisiologik dan biokimia obat terhadap berbagai organ tubuh dan mekanisme
kerjanya atau ilmu yang mempelajari kegiatan obat terhadap organism hidup,
terutama cara dan mekanisme kerjanya, reaksi fisiologi serta efek terapetik
yang ditimbulkannya.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Toksikologi adalah ilmu yang mempelajari
keracunan oleh obat dan zat kimia lain yang digunakan dalam rumah tangga,
industry maupun lingkungan hidup lain seperti inteksida, pestisida, zat
pengawet, dsb.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Dalam cabang ilmu ini dipelajari juga cara
pencegahan, pengenalan, penanggulangan kasus-kasus keracunan.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Farmakoterapi adalah cabang ilmu yang
berhubungan dengan pengguan obat dalam pencegah dan pengobatan penyakit.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Regulasi & Evaluasi</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Regulasi </b>dilakukan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dibidang
obet-obetan dan kedokteran</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Pola penyakit</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Program kesehatan dan prioritasnya</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Fasilitas kesehatan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Perbaikan status kesehatan masyarakat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kebutuhan kesehatan masyarakat banyak</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Evaluasi </b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>penelitin farmasetik</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>klinik</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>epidiemiologi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
↓</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Tujuan </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Jadi meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan termasuk penyedian
obat yang lebih merata dan terjangkau masyarakat dengan mutu yang terjamin</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
↓</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Obat Esensial</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Obat terpilih yang paling dibutuhkan untuk pelayanan
kesehatan bagi masyarakat terbanyak, mencakup upaya dari propilaksi/
pencegahan. Terapi & rehabilitasi. Yang harus diusahakan selalu tersedia
pada unit pelayanan kesehatan setempat sesuai dengan fungsi dan tingkatannya.</div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">↓</b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">DOEN</b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">( Daftar obat Esensial Nasional )</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Bila terdapat dari satu pilihan yang memiliki efek terapi
yang serupa pilihan dijatuhkan pada obat yang :</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>sifatnya paling banyak diketahui , berdasarkan
data ilmiah.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Sifat farmakakokinetiknya paling menguntungkan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Stabilitasnya lebih baik</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mudah diperoleh</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Konsepsi Obat
Esensial</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ketersediaan maupun keterjangkauan obat dalam
pelayanan sesuai dengan kebutuhan medis sebagian besar populasi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Obat yang tersedia terbukti paling bermanfaat,
aman & ekonomis </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Penggunaan obat rasioal</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Kriteria Pemilihan
obat Esensial</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Memiliki ratio manfaat – resiko yang paling menguntungkan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mutu terjamin, termasuk stabilisasi &
bioaraibilitas ( larutan )</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Praktis dalam penyiapan dan pengangkutan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Praktis dalam penggunaan & penyerahan yang
disesuaikan dengan tenaga, sarana, & fasilitas kesehatan.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menguntungkan dalam hal penerimaan & kepatuhan
oleh penderita</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Memiliki ratio manfaat – biaya yang paling
tertinggi</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Obat jadi kombinasi, tetap harus memenuhi criteria</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Bermanfaat bagi penderita dalam bentuk kombinasi
tetap</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Menunjukan khasiat & keamanan lebih tinggi
daro pada masing-masing komponen</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Merupakan perbandingan yang tetap</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kombinasi tetap harus meningkatkan ratio manfaat
-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>biaya</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Antibiotika kombinasi tetap harus dapat mencegah
dan meniadakan efek kerugian lainnya</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Tujuan DOEI :</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Meningkatkan ketetapan, keamanan, kerasionalan.
Penggunaan pengelolaan obat</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Meningkatkan daya guna dan hasil guna biaya yang
tersedia</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Memperluas, memeratakan & meningkatkan mutu
pelayanan kesehatan pada masyarakat.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">DOEN dibagi menjadi :</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>DOEN di RS</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>DOEN di Puskesmas</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>DOEN Pos Obat Desa</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Obat – obatan
Esensial untuk RS yaitu :</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Analgesik, antipiratik, anti inflamaji, nn
steroid, antipirai.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Araestatik</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Anti Alergi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Anti isot</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Anti Epilepsi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Anti Infeksi </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Anti Migran</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Anti Heoplastik, Imunosuprason</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Anti Parkinson</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Darah. Obat yang mempengaruhi</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Produksi darah dan pengganti plasma</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Diasnistik</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">13.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Desinfektan & Antiseptik</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">14.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Gigi & Mulut</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">15.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Diuretic</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">16.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Hormone, Obat Endokrin & kontroseptik</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">17.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kardiovaskular</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">18.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Kulit</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">19.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Lar. Dialysis peritoneal</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">20.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Lar. Elektrolit, Nutrisi, dll</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">21.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Mata</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">22.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Oksitosik </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">23.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Psikofarmaka </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">24.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Relaksan Obat perifer dan penghambat kolinestirase</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">25.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Saluran Cerna</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">26.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Saluran Nafas</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">27.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>System Imun</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">28.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Telinga, hidung, tenggorokan</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">29.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Vit & Mineral</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">30.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Lain - lain</div>
</div>My Diaryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10691733669403958805noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5126531482759527723.post-1651030865864654552012-04-20T03:50:00.000-07:002012-04-20T03:50:24.389-07:00Memories of Bogor<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Kota
bogor…, ya sepintas kota itu mungkin kota yang penuh dengan angkot, kota yang
selalu diguyur hujan namun udaranya begitu asri dan teduh.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“kota bogor hujan lagi.., lagi lagi hujan lagi”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Terlihat segerombolan anak muda melantunkan lagu “kota bogor”
lagu yang sudah akrab ditelingaku.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Kali ini aku, anis, riko, supri, atri, tri, ayay, yani, jiwi,
dan monita akan berpetualang di kota itu. Ya.., kota bogor. Tapi kali ini
petualangan kami bersepuluh gag sama dengan petualangan petualangan reality
show di tipi. Hemm, misi kita kali ini menunaikan tugas yang sangat mulia dari
institusi pendidikan kami. Bukan untuk sekedar ajang jalan jalan, seru seruan,
piknik, atau keren kerenan. Tapi kali ini kami bersepuluh, tepatnya seratus mahasiswa
mendapat tugas untuk praktek di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Bogor Marjoeki Mahdi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Imajinasi kami melambung tinggi membayangkan keadaan rs itu.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“way, kayaknya aku gag bakalan sanggup dines di rsj itu”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Gerutu dhedhe padaku, dengan tampang yang sedikit memelas dia
memelukku.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“kamu ini dhe, belum jadi kita dines disana udah pesimis aja.
Udah jalanin aja, kakak kakak sebelum kita aja bisa. Kenapa kita gag!”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Bahasaku kali ini sedikit menghibur, membangkitkan semangat
dhedhe. Padahal dalam hati ku, aku jauh lebih khawatir, dan jauh lebih cemas.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“sudah yuk kita siapin alat alat yang harus di bawa ke bogor”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Bergegas aku, dhedhe dan teman teman lainnya mempersiapkan
kebutuhan kita masing masing.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ndut, bogor itu hujan terus. Belum tentu pakaian kita cepet
kering. Jadi aku saranin kita harus belanja cd yang banyak”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ucap erik setengah menggebu.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“hahahaha.., boleh rik”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Setelah mempersipkan segala kebutuhan kami, siang hari tepat
pukul 14.00 kami meluncur kekota hujan itu.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Setelah 2 jam perjalanan akhirnya kami sampai di rsj itu.
“rumah sakit jiwa terbesar nomor dua di seluruh indonesia, dan rumah sakit ini
menjadi pusat rehabilitasi jiwa di Indonesia. Berdiri sejak jaman penjajahan
belanda, bangunannya sepintas terlihat tua, sepi, dan menyeramkan. Kondisi
disini contras dengan rs husada. Pasti disini pasiennya danger, dan asramanya
serem”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Berkali kali aku bergumam dalam hati, menerka nerka setiap
kondisi yang ada di rsj ini.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Usai sibuk dengan bayangan kelam rsj ini, kami berseratus
diajak mengelilingi rsj. Aku satu kelompok dengan sepuluh orang itu. Riko,
supri, yani, anis, monita, atri, ayay, tri, dan jiwi. Sibuk mengelilingi rsj
yang sangat luas dan lebar.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Kali ini kami di ajak berkeliling dengan bapak bambang pegawai
rsj disini. Dengan logat jawanya beliau memperkenalkan rsj dengan lancar.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ya, ini ruang kresna wanita. Dimana ruangan ini dipakai untuk
pasien yang baru pertama kali masuk. Contohnya pasien yang baru di ambil di
pinggir jalan, langsung dimasukin ke ruangan ini. Pasien disini masih agresif,
suka mukul, meludahi, dan halusinasi disini cukup kuat. Jadi kalian hati hati
kalau dines disini”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Setelah mendengar penjelasan itu kami bersepuluh seketika
menciut, seperti kerupuk yang terkena air. Karena kali ini kami bersepuluh
dines di ruangan kresna. Nyali kami bersepuluh belum mencapai level perfect.
Yang sewaktu waktu mungkin kami lebih memilih angkat kaki ketimbang harus
dilempar kursi atau diludahi dengan pasien jiwa.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“sudahlah kalian ini, gag usah pasang tampang melas gitu. Mana
semangat kalian. Kita pasti bisa kok. Cuma saran ku kali ini, kalau kalian di
tinju, di ludahi, di lempar kursi atau sebagainya ya kalian bisa lempar,
ludahi, dan tinju balik. Hahha”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ucap supri setengah gila.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“sini mendingan kamu aja deh yang kita lempar”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Seketika kami bersepuluh menjitak kepala supri dengan brutal.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Usai perkenalan dengan ruangan ruangan tempat kita dines, kali
ini kita akan diperkenalkan dengan asrama tempat kita singgah selama 2minggu.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“aku sih berharap semoga asrama disini jauh lebih baik dari
asrama husada. Amin ya tuhan”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ucap yani polos.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“udah deh yani mendingan kamu tu gag usah terlalu ngarep dan
berhalusinasi, nanti lama lama ikutan gila kayak pasien disini. Kamu liat aja
rsj ini udah uzur, renta, gag mungkin asramanya bagus. Jadi terima aja deh”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Bantah tri sedikit kesal dan pasrah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yah, perlahan kami mulai melangkah, menuju asrama tempat kami
singgah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ya, ini asrama kalian. Wisma Shinta. Kamar mandi di dalem.
Inget ya, pesen saya disini kalian jangan berisik, gunakan pakaian yang sopan,
jaga kebersihan, dan jaga setiap ucapan. Dan kalian dilarang keras untuk keluar
setelah maghrib. Berbahaya. Karena disetiap sudut rsj ini tidak memiliki
penerangan yang cukup. Kalian harus sedia senter, karena sewaktu waktu lampu
bisa padam. Asrama disini tidak dipisahkan antara pria dan wanita, jadi
terserah kalian. Tanggung jawab ada ditangan masing masing”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ucap pak bambang pada kami bersepuluh.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Aku terenyuh mendengarkan itu semua. Kekhawatiran ku mencuat
kepermukaan, bayang bayang ku tentang rsj ini kini perlahan lahan menjadi
nyata.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Seusai menuntun kami berkeliling, pak bambang mempersilahkan
kami menikmati fasilitas yang ada.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dan secepat kilat kami bersepuluh mulai menyambar koper masing
masing Dan menuju kamar. Usai membereskan pakaian dan membersihkan kamar, kami
langsung meletakkan badan ke ranjang tempat peristirahatan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Dinginnya angin
yang mulai membalut kulitku, membangkitkan aku dari lelapku. Sekilas Nampak
oleh ku tri, jiwi, anis, atri, ayay sudah bangun dan sibuk mempersiapkan diri
untuk dines. Aku mulai bergegas mandi dan ikut menyiapkan kebutuhanku.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ay, airnya habis ya”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Teriak ku dalam kamar mandi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ia way, dari jam 4 tadi airnya mati. Mendingan kamu numpang mandi
aja deh dikamar piyot”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Masih pagi begini air habis, dengan setengah kecewa aku
melangkah ke kamar piyot. Perlahan ku ketuk daun pintu kamar itu.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“piyot, numpang mandi ya, air di kamar mandi ku mati. Gag ada
air”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ia udah, nanti antri setelah imel.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“yot, parah ya disini. Air susah banget gimana jadinya nanti
kalo kita 2minggu disini, mungkin bisa gag mandi”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“iya makanya dari semalem kita udah nampung air buat
persediaan, kalau kalau airnya mati. Tadi juga banyak yang ngantri mandi
disini. Ya udah kamu cepet mandi way”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Seusai mandi, aku bergegas menuju kamar ku dan mempersiapkan
diri. Setelah itu baru breakfast bersama.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“subahanallah”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Anis terkejut menyaksikan menu sarapan pagi ini.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Seonggok nasi goreng, tanpa telur, tanpa kecap dan saus, gag
ada kerupuk, dan nasi goreng menu kami pagi ini sama sekali tidak ada rasanya.
Hambar di lidah. Dan itu lebih mirip dengan nasi putih yang di celup ke minyak
goreng.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Rasanya miris banget harus makan seperti itu. Tapi mau gag mau
ya harus makan. Kami bersepuluh dengan terpaksa menyantap makanan itu dengan
menahan rasa mual.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Derita pagi ini mungkin belum cukup sampai di ujung sini.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Setelah sarapan pagi kami bersepuluh menuju kresna wanita.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sesampainya di ruangan itu kami langsung disambut dengan ci,
ci disana ada dua. Bu martina yang berlogat batak dan ibu putu identik dengan
kebaliannya. Setelah dijelaskan dengan berbagai macam prosedur yang harus kita
lakukan selama dines di ruangan itu, dan segala jenis peraturan peraturan, kami
langsung di suruh mengambil salah satu pasien.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Berbagai jenis pasien lengkap ada disini, pasien dengan isos,
hdr, rpk, halusinasi lengkap ada disini.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Kali ini pasien
ku bernama mimah, dengan dignosa halusinasi dan rpk.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Setelah pembagian pasien kami melesat ke pasien masing masing.
Nampaknya teman teman ku sudah ahli melakukan bhsp. Aku tersenyum kecut. Pasien
ku yang semula ku dekati, dia Cuma melirik. Lalu pergi. Tapi aku yakin suatu
saat nanti pasti dia mau ngobrol dan mengungkapkan perasaannya. Dan aku
bertekat untuk itu. Aku berdiri didekatnya dan memperkanalkan diri.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“hai, aku suster wayan yang akan merawat kamu selama dua
minggu ini. Nama kamu siapa?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Aku tersenyum sambil menyodorkan tangan ku</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“oh, penting gitu buat gue tau siapa elo”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Jawab pasien itu sadis. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Subahanallah, nyali ku kembali menciut. Ini hari pertama ku
kenapa harus begini. Aku sempat berontak dalam hati.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ok wayan, ini hari pertama masih ada 11 hari lagi. Semangat
semangat.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Coba support diri sendiri dengan berbagai cara.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Gag jauh beda dengan teman ku yang lain. Mereka lebih parah.
Baru mendekat, kursi sudah melayang kemana mana. Ribuan air liur sudah
bersarang di baju. Subahanallah cobaan sekali ini. Beda sekali dengan
keperawatan kmb.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Tak henti hentinya kami bersepuluh mengeluh. Berontak dengan
keadaan yang masih sangat asing ini.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“bu, pasien saya gag mau di ajak komunikasi. Mereka lebih
senang dengan halusinasinya.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ucap ku pada bu putu.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“tolong ya, kalian disini baru beberapa hari. Saya tidak mau
mendengarkan keluhan kalian. Jadi kalian usaha sendiri gimana caranya pasien
itu mau diajak komunikasi. Kalau pasien itu langsung mau di ajak komunikasi
tentu mereka gag akan ada di rsj ini”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">jawab bu putu sedikit membentak.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Nampaknya aku akan semakin resah dengan keadaan disini.
Kegalauanku sudah memuncak. Belum lagi aku harus mengerjakan askep dan laporan
harian yang mungkin bisa ku kerjakan hingga larut malam, belum lagi dengan
mimah pasienku, betapa sulitnya aku mendekati dia. Gerutu ku tak kunjung usai.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Setelah empat hari aku berada di tengah tengah belenggu rsj
itu, aku bertekat. Pokoknya hari ini mimah harus kudu wajib mau ngomong sama aku.
Dengan niat mulia aku membulatkan tekatku. Pagi ini sebisa mungkin aku
mendekati dia, dengan cara apapun itu.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“hai mimah lagi apa?”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sapa ku ramah. Tapi tetap saja mimah tidak menghiraukan salam
ku. Aku tetap berusaha, mimah pasti mau ngomong dengan ku.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“mimah, boleh gag suster wayan duduk disamping mimah?”<br />
“hey.., siapa kamu pergi pergi.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Saya
tidak suka dengan kehadiran anda!”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mimah terlihat marah, dan menggerutu dengan bahasa sunda nya.
Ya saat itu aku memang buta denga bahasa sunda, sama sekali aku gag ngerti
dengan ucapan mimah. Aku Cuma mampu bilang</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“mimah, suster ente’ nyaho”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ucapku saat itu.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ente’ nyaho’ ente’ nyaho’.., suster gag usah belagu ya, kalau
gag bisa ngomong sunda mendingan gag usah ngomong. Mendingan diem aja”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dengan nada tinggi mimah membentakku. Ya sama seperti semula,
nyaliku semakin menciut. Dengan agresif mimah menarik kerah baju ku dan
tangannya mulai melesat ke pipiku, seketika tangan ku menangkis tangan mimah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ya, alhasil. Mimah menangis sejadi jadinya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“suster jahat. Saya gag suka sama suster”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Padahal maksud hati bukan begitu, aku hanya ingin melindungi
diri ku. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Semenjak kejadian itu aku mulai berhasil mendekati mimah, ia
sudah mau mengungkapkan perasaannya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ia suster saya jadi gila begini karena saja cerai dengan
suami saya, saya juga pernah kerja di arab selama 3 tahun tapi majikan saya
galak dan sering memukuli saya, saya akhirnya pulang ke Indonesia. Tak lama
dari itu anak saya yang saya sayangi meninggal dunia. Saya terpukul dengan
semua itu”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Keluh mimah padaku.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“mimah yang sabar ya. Disini banyak yang sayang sama mimah,
ada ibu, ada suster dan ada temen temen yang lain. Ini cobaan untuk mimah,
makanya mimah harus kuat. Oh ya mimah pernah denger suara suara gag?”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ia suster aku sering denger suara. Kadang suara bapak saya
itu dateng di saat saya sendiri dan mengajak saya ngobrol. Saya suka kesal
suster dengan suara suara itu”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“nah kalau begitu, suster akan mengajarkan mimah untuk
mengusir suara suara itu kalau suara itu mulai datang, ikutin suster ia. Mula
mula tutup kedua telinga dan tutup mata mimah, lalu ucapkan saya tidak melihat,
saya tidak mendengar, pergi pergi kamu. Semua itu bohong, semua itu palsu”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Kali ini sp halusinasi ku lancar, akhirnya mimah mau juga
ngobrol.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ya beberapa minggu mulai berlalu, kebiasaan yang tadinya
jarang kami alami, kini kami mulai terbiasa dengan kondisi itu. Bangun pagi
pagi karena harus mengantri mandi, kehabisan air dan sempat tidak melakukan
kebersihan diri, makanan yang sangat tidak bersahabat dengan lidah dan lambung,
dingin nya sang bayu, pakaian gag kering dan satu lagi padam nya lampu ketika kami
mulai sibuk mengerjakan tugas. Hanya sebatas lampu senter sebagai penerang
kami. Dari situ terbangun rasa kebersamaan yang begitu erat. “best friend
forever”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Di minggu terakhir kita dines, mimah mulai tenang dan mulai di
pindahkan ke ruang arimbi. Aku berpamitan dengan mimah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“hari ini hari terakhir suster dines, mimah jaga diri baik
baik, lakukan apa yang sudah suster ajarkan. Suster pasti merindukan mimah”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Aku memeluk mimah dengan erat. Basah di bahuku, mimah terlihat
menangis.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“suster jangan pergi, nanti mimah sendiri, nanti mimah gag ada
temen ngobrol. Mimah sayang suster”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ia suster tau. Tapi suster harus pulang, nanti kalau ada
rejeki pasti suster jengukin mimah”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ia, janji ya suster. Ini buat suster”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mimah memberiku setangakai bunga mawar merah. Terharu dengan
suasana itu.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Air mata ku dengan gemulai menetes dipipiku.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sama hal nya dengan teman teman ku, kami beriringan berpamitan
dengan pasien pasien lain.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Titun, pasien kelolaan anis. Terlihat menangis tersedu karena
anis pulang</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“suster jangan tinggalin titun. Titun ikut”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“gag boleh, mak titun disini aja, nanti kapan kapan pasti
suster jengukin”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ucap anis setengah menangis. Anis memeluk titun. Suasana kali
ini sangat haru. Tiba menuju elah, elah adalah pasien kelolaan tri. Elah masuk
rsj karena ibunya meninggal, dan calon suaminya selingkuh dengan tetangganya.
Sampai detik ini elah masih sangat terpukul. Ketika sampai di kamar elah, elah
masih terbaring lemah. Nampak disampingnya sosok tua renta menemaninya sambil
menyuapi elah bubur kacang hijau.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“siang bapak, bapak ayahnya elah?”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ia suster”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Jawab bapak itu sedikit gemetar. Kami bersepuluh terenyuh
menyaksikan keadaan ayah elah, jauh jauh dari kota bumi hanya berbekal 15000
rupiah dan beliau tidak makan dari pagi. dan ditemani dengan tas lusuhnya. ayah
elah menceritakan kondisi elah. Mendengar cerita beliau kami bersepuluh tak
sanggup, alhasil kami berderai air mata.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Elah yang kami nilai sosok yang menyebalkan, ternyata cobaanya jauh
lebih berat dari yang kami bayangkan. Ayahnya yang tua renta itu masih cukup
tegar dengan keadaan elah yang seperti ini.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Akhirnya kami
bersepuluh memohon pamit dengan semua pasien.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Diujung perpisahan kami diberikan kesempatan untuk persentasi.
yaps perfect, Kali ini persentasi kami jauh lebih sempurna.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ok teman teman sekarang saran untuk rsj marjoeki mahdi kepada
mahasiswa akper husada dipersilahkan”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ucap moderator di ujung mikrofon.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ia pak terimakasih, saya didi. Selama saya dines disini,
kondisi pasien disini kurang diperhatikan. Mereka tidak memiliki sabun dan
perlengkapan kebutuhan dirinya, sehingga pasien disini terlihat lusuh, kutuan
dan tidak terawat. Jadi saya harap dari pihak rsj lebih memperhatikan itu. Dan
saya harap juga pasien tetap mendapat sp sesuai dengan keperawatan jiwa.
Sehingga pasien cepat sembuh. Untuk asrama fasilitas air dan catering harus
lebih di perhatikan. Penerangan disini juga harus lebih di tingkatkan. Baik itu
saja,terimakasih”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Usai dari acara
seminar kami menuju mobil masing masing.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dan mulai meluncur lagi ke kota Jakarta yang panas dan macet.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Bogor, ya kali ini bogor jadi sebagian dari hidup ku, kota
penuh kenangan. dibalik derasnya hujan ini aku mulai meneropong jauh ke awang
awang. Hembusan angin mulai menerobos kain yang ku kenakan, perlahan air langit
mulai jatuh, menderaku dengan ribuan hantamannya yang lembut. Terpaku,
meneropong langit yang mulai gelap. Keyakinan ku di ufuk senja ini, aku tetap
bertahan. Aku yakin usai hujan ini pasti kan ada pelangi, yang mampu menjawab
semua keteguhanku, akan ada senyum di ufuk fajar setelah lelah ku menanti. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“ya itu
keyakinanku. Bogor good bye”</span></div>
</div>My Diaryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10691733669403958805noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5126531482759527723.post-22018117158379271442012-04-20T03:47:00.000-07:002012-04-20T03:47:22.326-07:00IAm a nurse<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Dengan mata yang
setengah redup, aku bangkit dari tempat tidur ku. Walaupun masih sangat
mengantuk, aku tetap melangkah menuju kamar mandi. Bahagia ku kini sudah sampai
di ubun ubun, karena hari ini acara capping day ku. Aku bergegas mandi dan
mempersiapkan segala kebutuhan ku. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Sama halnya
dengan teman teman se asrama ku, di pagi buta semua penghuni asrama sudah
bangun dan sibuk lalu lalang. Obrolan obrolan dan gelak tawa terdengar dari
setiap sudut kamar. Teman teman dikamar ku juga sudah mulai sibuk, menyapu
wajahnya dengan blush on, agar terlihat cantik di acara capping day nanti.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Seketika aku melesat mengikuti jejak mereka, mulai menyapu
wajah ku dengan blush on warna warni. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“yaps, perfect. Saatnya tampil”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Gumam ku dalam hati. Dan aku bergegas menuju lantai sepuluh
dengan teman teman ku.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Belum jadi aku melangkah tiba tiba handphone ku berdering.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“hallo assalammualaikum”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sapa suara itu</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“iya walaikum salam”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Jawab ku.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“gimana ndok acara capping day mu? Rame gag yang dateng”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Alhamdulillah rame kok mak, banyak yang dateng. Emak sama
embaknya ndut juga dateng, temen temen yang lain keluarganya juga dateng”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“oh ya sudah, kamu jaga diri baik baik ya ndok. Maaf emak sama
bapak gag bisa dateng, kamu tau sendiri to adekmu sakit sakitan gag tega kalo
ninggalin”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ia mak aku ngerti, ini juga Cuma sepintas acara capping day
jadi kalo gag dateng juga gag apa apa. Ya sudah salam ia buat semua yang ada
dirumah, jangan lupa do’ain aku. Assalammualaikum”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dengan tangan gemetar aku menutup telepon itu. sedikit kecewa
dengan keduanya karena tak sempat hadir di acara bahagia ku ini. Seketika air
mataku melesat jatuh ke pipi. Rasanya ada sesuatu yang mengganjal dihati ku,
sempat teriris mendengar mereka tidak hadir. Tapi ya sudah lah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“iam ok”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Teriak ku dalam hati, sambil tersenyum lebar.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Bergegas aku menuju lantai sepuluh. Acara baru dimulai jam
09.00 tapi disana sudah terlihat puluhan mahasiswa dan mahasiswi yang
berkumpul, sebagian lagi terlihat sedang mengobrol dengan orang tua nya. Ya, aku
ditemani ndut, dhedhe, kak chu, tiga teman setia ku. Mereka selalu setia
menghibur ku saat aku sedih. Kali ini aku lebih memilih menyendiri di ujung
gedung…, meneropong alam yang menghijau, mencoba menghibur diri. Tapi tetap
saja air mata ku bandel.., tetap saja jatuh menetes. Sedih, teringat emak dan bapak
gag sempet dateng..,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“heh.., wayan ngapain disini sendirian? Gag usah isos deh,
mendingan ikutan bareng kita foto foto”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ndut membangkitkan aku dari lamunanku, dan seketika menyeret
ku ditengah tengah kerumunan teman teman yang sibuk berfoto, menyiapkan pose
paling jihuy buat di jepret ke kamera. Mau gag mau aku ikut gila gilaan bareng
temen temen. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Beberapa menit
kemudian acara segera dimulai. Semua mahasiswa dan mahasiswi serta para orang
tua murid berbondong bondong memasuki ruangan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ini hari hari bahagiaku bersama ndut, kak chu, dhedhe, erik,
piyot, dan temen temen lain. Detik detik pemasangan capp.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Seketika ruangan menjadi hening, satu persatu nama mulai di
panggil.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“aan fuji, adnan firdaus,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>atiek pudihang, desti fhina, dwi asih”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Satu persatu mahasiswa dan mahasiswi mulai maju ke mimbar,
pasang capp. Nampak para orang tua yang anaknya di panggil terlihat berdiri dan
menjepret anaknya dengan kamera handpone. Begitu seterusnya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Tiba di urutan terakhir, absen ku paling akhir bersama dengan
winda dan wiji.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Kami bertiga maju sesuai dengan urutan. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Haru lagi dalam benakku. Ketika ku langkahkan kaki ke mimbar,
tak terlihat seorangpun berdiri dan menjepret ku dengan kamera foto.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ok wayan keep smile, don’t cry”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Gumam ku dalam hati, tapi tetap saja air mataku tetap menetes
dengan indahnya saat capp itu di pasang di kepalaku.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“andai saja kalian menyaksikan aku disini, aku ingin mengukir
senyum di bibir kalian”. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pikir ku mulai melambung tinggi lagi, berharap keduanya hadir disini.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Tiga hari kemudian, kami mulai
disibukkan dengan kegiatan kampus, karena kampus kita akper husada gag pernah
mengijinkan kami untuk berleha leha membuang buang waktu dengan sia sia.
Setelah capping day, kami langsung di terjunkan praktek ke ruangan. dan saat
itu kami semua gag ada gambaran sama sekali tentang ruang praktek. Tapi ya
tetep sebagai murid yang selalu taat dengan peraturan, kami selalu menyiapkan
diri dengan bekal ilmu yang kami dapat di pendidikan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Waktu itu aku, dhedhe, ndut, kak
chu, erik gag dines satu ruangan kami dipisahkan. Aku and ndut di paviliun jantung,
dhedhe di paviliun mawar, kak chu and erik di pavilun melati.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“kawan, coba deh liat salah satu ruangan di rumah sakit ini.
Kira kira kalau kalian masuk ke ruang keperawatan itu apa yang akan kalian
lakukan?”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ucap dikie setengah mengejek.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ah.., gampang itu. Aku tinggal ketok pintu, ucapin salam,
terus senyum sana senyum sini sama kakak kakak yang ada di ruangan”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ucap donie konyol</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“ahh.., kamu don…, nenek nenek shampoan juga bisa kalo Cuma
sekedar gitu aja. Gag perlu kita kuliah jauh jauh dan mahal mahal”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“hush sudah sudah, gag usah berantem mendingan sekarang kita
langsung ke ruangan”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ucap ndut menengahi.., </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Aku, ndut, donie, dikie menuju paviliun jantung. Melesat
dengan cepat. Setelah beberapa menit akhirnya tiba juga di ruangan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“subahanallah, jantungku rasanya berdebar lebih kuat. Seolah
olah mau copot, dinginnya ac di ruangan ini membuat aku lebih gugup”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Gumamku dalam hati..,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Setelah pembagian ruangan, aku dan ndut dapet di ruangan yang
sama. Sebisa mungkin jadi perawat yang caring, dan empati. Setiap kali aku dan
ndut mengunjungi kamar pasien pasti selalu senyum. senyum sana senyum sini.
Entah saat itu apa yang ada di benak kita berdua. Kita Cuma berfikir, “inilah
aku, aku sekarang seorang perawat sungguhan” betapa bangga nya kita berdua saat
itu.., walaupun saat itu posisi aku dan ndut hanya sekedar bantu bantu pasien.
Tapi ada rasa yang berbeda. Apa lagi kalo pasien bilang “suster, terimakasih
ya” rasa rasanya ingin sekali melambung tinggi mendengar kata kata itu.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Saat itu aku dan ndut Cuma bisa tersenyum lebar “ia sama sama”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Ternyata bener
apa kata Mr.Strong, beliau selalu bilang “hidup itu ibarat minum jamu. Kalau
kamu minum gulanya dulu terus baru minum jamu nya, itu pasti rasanya gag akan
enak, karena pada ujungnya rasanya pasti pahit. Tapi kalo kamu lebih milih
minum jamunya dulu terus gula nya, pasti akan terasa nikmat. Di awal memang
terasa pahit, tapi di akhir pasti akan terasa manis”</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Dari kata kata itu aku berfikir, untuk menginginkan sesuatu gag harus
berjalan lancar dengan apa yang kita harapkan. Like a nurse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Kalau mau berada di posisi atas maka harus
siap </span></div>My Diaryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10691733669403958805noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5126531482759527723.post-44659968975151559062012-04-18T11:12:00.000-07:002012-04-18T11:12:22.577-07:00Prinsip Pengobatan Diabetes<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in;"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 14pt;">PRINSIP PENGOBATAN DIABETES, INSULIN DAN OBAT HIPOGLIKEMIK ORAL</span></b></div></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Pendahuluan</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Walaupun pada umumnya pasien diabetes tipe 2 dengan gejala-gejala klinis seperti berat badan turun dan poliuria diberi pengobatan secara farmakologik, masih ada juga pendapat bahwa untuk pasien tanpa gejala-gejala ini tidak diperlukan suatu pengobatan, baik dengan insulin ataupun obat hipoglikemik oral. Pendapat ini didukung oleh pernyataan-pernyataan bahwa masih ada perbedaan pendapat tentang hubungan antara control diabetes dan terjadinya komplikasi, dimana hal ini sebelumnya belum pernah dibuktikan dengan penelitian. Namun akhir-akhir ini penelitian UKPDS (United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study) pada pasien DM tipe 2 di inggris membuktikan bahwa risiko terjadinya komplikasi akibat diabetes akan berkurang bila diabetes dapat terkendali. Walaupun masih terdapat pertentangan-pertentangan seperti ini tetapi penelitian pada binatang membuktikan bahwa pengendalian kadar glukosa darah mendekati normal dapat mencegah atau menghilangkan terjadinya komplikasi pada binatang percobaan. Berdasarkan hal-hal ini maka kebanyakan ahli pendapat (terbukti pada penelitian DCCT di AS dan UKPDS di Inggris) bahwa adalah tugas kita selaku dokter, perawat atau dietisien untuk melakukan segala daya dan upaya untuk mencapai kadar glukosa darah pasiennya senormal mungkin.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Pengobatan Dengan Insulin</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">A. Tujuan</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Setelah membaca ini diharapkan pembaca dapat :</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Menggambarkan efek fisiologis insulin.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Membedakan macam-macam insulin berdasarkan spesies/sumber, tipe, kemurnian dan konsentrasi.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Mengerti pedoman pemberian dan penyimpanan insulin yang baik.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Menjelaskan keterbatasan insulin yang dicampur.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Membandingkan regimen terapi insulin yang potensial, termasuk penggunaan infus insulin dengan pompa dan indikasi pemakaian produk insulin yang khusus.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Mendiskusikan mekanisme kerja obat-obat golongan sekretagogue insulin, biguanid, penghambat alfa-glukosidase dan golongan glitazone.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Membandingkan dan membedakan kegunaan klinis obat golongan sulfonylurea.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Mendiskusikan penggunaan metformin dan acarbose dalam klinik.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">B. Pengaruh Fisiologis Insulin dan Indikasi Penggunaannya</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Kerja Fisiologis dan pelepasan Insulin</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">a.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin adalah suatu hormon yang di produksi oleh sel beta dari pulau-pulau Langerhans kelenjar pankreas. Insulin di bentuk dari proInsulin yang bila kemudian distimulasi, terutama oleh peningkatan kadar glukosa darah akan terbelah untuk menghasilakn Insulin dan Peptide penghubung (C-peptide) yang masuk kedalam aliran darah dalam jumlah ekuimolar. Sejumlah proInsulin juga akan masuk kedalam peredaran darah. Kadar C-peptide dapat digunakan untuk memantau produksi Insulin endogen, dan dapat juga digunakan untuk menyingkirkan penggunaan Insulin secara faktisia sebagai penyebab hipoglikemia yang tidak dapat dijelaskan. Karena Insulin dan C-peptide mempunyai jangka waktu biologis yang berbeda, sehingga kadar C-peptide tidak seluruhnya mencerminkan secara akurat kadar Insulin endogen.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">b.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin mempunyai beberapa pengaruh terhadap jaringan tubuh. Insulin menstimulasi pemasukan asam amino kedalam sel dan kemudian meningkatkan sintesa protein. Insulin meningkatkan penyimpanan lemak dan mencegah penggunaan lemak sebagai energi. Insulin menstimulasi pemasukan glukosa kedalam sel untuk digunakan sebagai sumber energi dan membantu penyimpanan glikogen didalam sel otot dan hati.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">c.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin endogen adalah insulin yang dihasilkan oleh pancreas, sedang insulin eksogen adalah insulin yang disuntikkan dan merupakan suatu produk farmasi.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">C. Indikasi terapi dengan Insulin</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">a.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Semua orang dengan diabetes tipe 1 memerlukan insulin eksogen karena produksi insulin oleh sel beta tidak ada atau hampir tidak ada.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">b.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Orang dengan diabetes tipe 2 tertentu mungkin membutuhkan insulin bila terapi jenis lain tidak dapat mengendalikan kadar glukosa darah atau apabila mengalami stress fisiologis seperti pada tindakan pembedahan.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">c.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Orang dengan diabetes kehamilan (diabetes yang timbul selama kehamilan) membutuhkan insulin bila diet saja tidak dapat mengendalikan kadar glukosa darah.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">d.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin digunakan pada diabetes dengan ketoasidosis.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">e.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Orang dengan diabetes yang mendapat nutrisi parenteral atau yang memerlukan suplemen tinggi kalori, untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energy yang meningkat, secara bertahap akan memerlukan insulin eksogen untuk mempertahankan kadar glukosa darah mendekati normal selama periode resistensi insulin atau ketika terjadi peningkatan kebutuhan insulin.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">f.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin seringkali diperlukan pada pengobatan sindroma hiperglikemi non-ketotik-hiperosmolar.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">D. Spesies Insulin/sumber, tipe, kemurnian dan konsentrasi</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Perbedaan insulin berdasrkan karakteristik produk khusus.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">a.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Ketiga spesies/sumber insulin adalah dari sapi, babi dan manusia. Pada waktu lalu, produk insulin komersial dapat berasal dari babi atau sapi, yang dibuat melalui isolasi kelenjar pancreas binatang, insulin manusia yang dibuat secara biosintesis berasal dari bacteria (E.coli), yang berasal dari ragi “baker yeast” (Saccaromyces Cerevisiae), dan insulin manusia semi sintetik. Insulin yang beredar di Indonesia saat ini adalah <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Biosynthetic Human Insulin </i>dan<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> Insulin Analog.</i></span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin sapi berbeda dari insulin manusia pada 3 asam amino, sedangkan insulin babi berbeda hanya pada satu asam amino. Oleh karena perbedaan ini insulin sapi lebih antigenic dari pada insulin babi. Produk kombinasi sapi dan babi biasanya dianggap paling banyak menyebabkan reaksi antigenic.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin manusia diproduksi dengan menggunakan tekhnologi rekombinan DNA (biosintetik) atau konversi kimiawi dari insulin babi menjadi insulin manusia (semisintetik). Insulin manusia kurang antigenic dari pada insulin sapi dan sedikit kurang antigenic dari pada insulin babi.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin NPH manusia biosintetik, lente dan ultralente diabsorpsi lebih cepat, oleh karena itu kerjanya lebih cepat dari pada insulin yang berasal dari hewan, walaupun mereka mempunyai pengaruh farmakologik yang serupa. Insulin manusia komersial identik secara kimiawi dengan insulin manusia endogen. Disebagian pasaran, insulin manusia tidak semahal insulin babi yang dimurnikan.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Bila penggunaan insulin yang berasal dari binatang diganti menjadi insulin manusia, diperlukan penyesuaian dosis (kurang dari 5-10%) mungkin diperlukan karena krja yang lebih pendek dari insulin manusia dan antigenitasnya lebih rendah (pembentukan antibody sedikit).</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin manusia memberikan pilihan bagi para vegetarian, muslim dan hindu yang memilih untuk tidak menggunakan insulin babi atau sapi. Dapat dikatakan tidak ada kontra indikasi terhadap insulin manusia, namun kadang dapat terjadi hipersensitivitas.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin binatang lebih banyak merangsang pembentukan antibody dibandingkan insulin manusia.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Bila insulin berkaitan dengan antibody insulin maka puncak dan jangka waktu kerjanya akan berubah.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">b.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Empat tipe insulin yang diproduksi dan dikategorikan berdasarkan awal kerja, puncak kerja dan lama kerjanya.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin kerja sangat cepat (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Rapid acting</i>)<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">,</i> yang merupakan suatu insulin analog.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin kerja cepat (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">short acting</i>).</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin kerja menengah (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">intermediate acting</i>).</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin kerja panjang (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">long acting</i>). Saat ini beredar insulin kerja panjang yang tidak ada puncak kerjanya (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">peakless</i>), digunakan sebagai insulin basal, yaitu glargine dan detemir.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">c.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Kemurnian insulin dinyatakan dalam satuan ppm (part per million) dari proinsulin, bahan pencemaran utama sesudah ekstrasi dari pancreas. Perhatian tentang kemurnian pada terapi insulin merupakan hal yang kurang penting saat ini di bandingkan sebelumnya, karena sekarang semua insulin sangat dimurnikan atau merupakan insulin human.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">d.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Kebanyakan Negara sudah mulai menyeragamkan kekuatan insulin menjadi U-100, demikian pula di Indonesia, walau demikian sebagian kecil masih beredar U-40.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">E. Cara penggunaan dan penyimpanan Insulin</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">a.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Cara penggunaan Insulin</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Sekresi insulin dapat dibagi menjadi sekresi insulin basal (saat puasa atau sebelum makan) dan insulin prandial (setelah makan).</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin Basal</span></b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> ialah insulin yang diperlukan untuk mencegah hiperglikemia puasa akibat glukoneogenesis dan juga mencegah ketogenesis yang tidak terdeteksi.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">insulin prandial</span></b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> ialah jumlah insulin yang dibutuhkan untuk mengkonversi bahan nutrien kedalam bentuk energy cadangan sehingga tidak terjadi hiperglikemia postprandial.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin Koreksi (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">supplement</i>) </span></b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">ialah insulin yang diperlukan akibat kenaikan kebutuhan insulin yang disebabkan adanya penyakit atau stress.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Pemberian insulin tergantung pada kondisi pasien dan fasilitas yang tersedia. Untuk pasien yang non-emergensi, pemberian suntikan subkutan atau intra </span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">muskuler (jarang dilakukan) pada pasien dengan kondisi kegawatan diberikan dengan pompa infus atau secara bolus intra vena. Insulin dapat juga diberikan secara subkutan dengan menggunakan pompa insulin atau yang dikenal dengan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII).</i></span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">b.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin harus disimpan sesuai dengan anjuran pabrik.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin harus disimpan di lemari es pada temperature 2<sup>0</sup>C sampai 8<sup>0</sup>C. Insulin Vial Eli Lily yang sudah dipakai dapat disimpan selama 6 bln atau sampai 200 tusukan bila dimasukan dalam lemari es. Vial Novo Nordisk insulin yang sudah dibuka, dapat disimpan selama 90 hr bila dimasukan lemari es.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin dapat disimpan pada suhu kamar dengan penyejuk 15-20<sup>0</sup>C bila seluruh isi vial akan digunakan dalam 1 bln. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa insulin yang disimpan pada suhu kamar yang lebih dari 30<sup>0</sup>C akan lebih cepat kehilangan kekuatannya. Pasien dianjurkan untuk member tanggal pada vial ketika pertama kali dipakai dan sesudah 1 bln bila masih tersisa sebaiknya tidak digunakan lagi.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Penfill dan pen yang disposable berbeda masa simpannya. Penfill regular dapat disimpan pada temperature kamar selama 30 hr setelah tutupnya ditusuk. Penfill 70/30 dan NPH dapat disimpan pada temperature kamar selama 7 hr setelah tutupnya ditusuk.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">c.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Berbagai peralatan yang digunakan pada pemberian insulin</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Jarum dari alat suntik insulin sangat halus dan tajam, sangat sedikit bereaksi pada daerah bekas suntikan. Untuk mempermudah penentuan dosis insulin, tersedia alat suntik berukuran 1 cc dan ½ cc. sedang jarum suntik yang tersedia adalah dengan ukuran panjang ½ inci (12,7 mm) dan 5/16 inci (8 mm).</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Alat suntik dan jarumnya dapat digunakan kembali walaupun cara ini masih merupakan suatu kontroversi. Penggunaan kembali alat suntik dapat meningkatkan risiko infeksi untuk beberapa individu. Seseorang yang menggunakan kembali alat suntiknya agar diberi tahu bahwa tulisan pada alat suntik dapat terhapus dan jarum menjadi tumpul dengan penggunaan yang berulang.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Orang dengan diabetes sebaiknya diajarkan mengikuti tata cara penyuntikkan insulin, termasuk penggunaan teknik yang konsisten, dosis yang akurat dan rotasi lokasi penyuntikkan. Penyuntikkan dilakukan kedalam jaringan subkutan. Kebanyakan individu mampu mencubit lipatan kulit dan menyuntikkan pada sudut 90<sup>0</sup>. Individu kurus atau anak-anak kadang memerlukan cubitan kulit dan menyuntikkan pada sudut 45<sup>0 </sup>untuk menghindari penyuntikkan secara IM.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Saat ini tersedia peralatan alternative yang dapat menggantikan alat suntik tradisional. Bermacam-macam alat suntik otomatis, jarum dan alat suntik insulin otomatis, alat suntik berbentuk pen dan alat suntik tanpa jarum. Alat suntik jet tanpa jarum memasukkan insulin melalui kulit menggunakan tekanan udara.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Pompa insulin, yang juga dikenal sebagai <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion”</i> (CSII). Pompa memberikan insulin dosis basal secara terus menerus dan terprogram sepanjang hari, dan dapat ditambahkan secara mandiri dengan dosis bolus insulin sebelum makan. Infus subkutan ini memberikan lebih banyak macam pola penyuntikkan insulin yang fisiologik dari pada yang dicapai dengan suntikan insulin multiple.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Pemberian insulin dengan cara inhalasi masih dalam fase penelitian dan memerlukan beberapa tahun sebelum masuki pasaran.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Hal-hal lain yang perlu diperhatikan dalam pemberian insulin.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Penyerapan insulin dipengaruhi oleh beberapa hal. Penyerapan paling cepat terjadi di daerah abdomen yang kemudian di ikuti oleh daerah lengan, paha bagian atas dan bokong. Bila disuntikkan secara IM dalam maka penyerapan akan terjadi lebih cepat dan masa kerja akan lebih singkat. Kegiatan jasmani yang dilakukan segera setelah penyuntikkan akan mempercepat onset kerja dan juga mempersingkat masa kerja.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Untuk mengurangi terjadinya iritasi local pada daerah penyuntikkan yang sering terjadi bila insulin dingin disuntikkan, pasien dianjurkan untuk mengguling-gulingkan alat suntik diantara telapak tangan atau menempatkan botol insulin pada suhu kamar.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Masa kedaluwarsa menunjukkan tanggal terakhir dimana vial insulin yang tak terbuka sebaiknya digunakan apabila disimpan sesuai dengan anjuran farmasi.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Ketersediaan insulin dan persediaan bisa beragam, oleh karena itu insulin dan persediaan seharusnya dibawa saat bepergian. Karena perbedaan temperature, insulin sebaiknya tidak ditinggal didalam mobil atau dimasukkan kedalam bagasi pesawat terbang.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Vial insulin sebaiknya diperiksa dahulu apakah terdapat endapan atau perubahan fisik lain yang dapat dilihat sebelum memasukkan insulin kedalam alat suntik. Insulin jernih yang menjadi keruh atau berubah warna, suspense insulin yang menggumpal atau yang membeku menunjukkan bahwa insulin tersebut tidak boleh digunakan dan dikembalikan kepada farmasi untuk ditukar. Pembekuan insulin dapat dibatasi bila temperature dapat distabilkan dengan memasukkannya kedalam lemari es dan bila goyangan vial dibatasi.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">F. Penyesuaian Pemberian Insulin Dalam Klinik</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> </span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Bila diperlukan regulsi yang cepat, sebaiknya pasien dirawat untuk sementara. Setelah diberikan diet yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan, mulai diberikan insulin dengan dosis rendah (5-10 unit) kali yang kemudian disesuaikan dengan kadar glukosa darah. Mulailah pemberian insulin regular 3x/hari/ ½ jam sebelum makan. Jika pada pemantauan (sesudah 2-3 hr) dan ternyata kadar glukosa darah belum terkontrol, insulin dapat ditambah 4-5 unit sampai kadar glukosa darah normal, atau ditambah dengan insulin basal. Setelah keadaan stabil, insulin regular dapat diganti dengan insulin kerja menengah atau insulin campur, dengan dosis 2/3 dosis total insulin regular sehari. Pengetahuan tentang macam-macam respons glukosa darah dapat dipakai utnuk menentukan bilamana dan insulin jenis apa yang perlu ditambahkan pada pengobatan lebih lanjut untuk mendapatkan kadar glukosa darah yang terkendali sepanjang hari.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> </span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Karena perbedaan respons terhadap insulin yang disebabkan oleh makanan, kegiatan fisik, medikasi, kebiasaan hidup dan factor emosi maka dosis insulin yang diperlukan untuk mendapatkan control yang memuaskan tergantung pada individu, jadi tidak ada dosis yang universal.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> </span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Sebagian orang dapat terkelola dengan dosis 1x/hr, yang diberikan pada pagi hari atau kadang-kadang malam hari. Cara ini biasanya memakai kerja insulin kerja menengah atau panjang. Cara ini dapat memberikan hasil yang cukup memuaskan pada diabetes tpe 2 tetapi hampir dapat dipastikan bahwa hal ini tidak dapat berhasil pada diabetes tipe 1.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> </span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Sebagian individu dapat dikelola dengan 2x/hr (pagi dan malam). Cara ini dapat memakai hanya insulin kerja menengah atau campuran insulin cepat dan menengah. Cara ini dianggap sebagai terapi konvensional. Biasanya 2/3 dosis diberikan pada makan pagi dan 1/3 diberikan sebelum makan malam.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> </span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Sebagian lagi memerlukan insulin sebanyak 3-4x/hr. cara pemberian ini dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa kombinasi. Salah satunya adalah: kombinasi insulin kerja cepat-sedang sebelum makan pagi, insulin kerja cepat sebelum makan malam dan insulin kerja sedang atau panjang tanpa puncak sekitar jam 22.00. cara ini dapat mengatasi fenomena Dawn dan mencegah hipoglikemia malam hari.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">G. Beberapa Catatan Untuk Pemberian Insulin</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">a.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Seringkali terjadi kesalahan pemakaian alat suntik insulin atau pemakaian alat suntik yang tidak sesuai dengan macam insulin.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Di pasaran masih terdapat berbagai macam alat suntik insulin yaitu untuk insulin 40 U/ml dan 100 U/ml, penggunaannya harus sesuai dengan konsetrasi insulin yang di pakai.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Kesalahan yang sering terjadi adalah memakai alat suntik 40 U dengan insulin yang 100 U/ml atau sebaliknya.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Yang juga dapat terjadi adalah ketika memakai alat suntik insulin yang mempunyai 2 skala yaitu 40 dan 80 U, yaitu memakai skala 80 untuk insulin jenis 40 U/ml.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">b.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Untuk mempermudah pengenalan jenis alat suntik dapat dilakukan dengan memperhatikan warna tutupnya yaitu merah untuk jenis 40 U dan orange/jingga jenis 100 U.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">c.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Alat suntik B-D (Becton-Dickinson) dan TERUMO yang 100 U mempunyai 3 bentuk yaitu 0.5 cc dengan skala 5,10,15,……50, 0,3 cc dengan skala 5,10,15,……30 dan 1 cc dengan skala 10,20,30,……100 unit.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">d.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Alat suntik B-D, juga mempunyai 2 jenis jarum yaitu Ultra-Fine dengan jarum 29-G dan Mikro-fine IV dengan jarum 28-G.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">e.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Alat suntik berbentuk pen dari Novo Nordisk adalah Novopen 3 dengan jarum Novofine, menggunakan penfill 3 ml, mengandung 300 unit insulin. Saat ini pun di Indonesia sudah beredar alat Novolet dan NovoMix FlexPen, yang didalamnya secara permanen sudah terdapat insulin.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">f.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Alat suntik berbentuk pen dari Eli Lily adalah Humapen Ergo dengan penfill 3 ml dan juga mengandung 300 unit insulin.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-indent: -49.5pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Table 1. karakteristik insulin yang ada di pasaran Indonesia, berdasarkan waktu kerja.</span></b></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightListAccent3" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 224;"><tbody>
<tr style="height: 22.0pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: -1;"> <td style="background: #9BBB59; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 22.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 198.9pt;" valign="top" width="265"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 5; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "Blackadder ITC"; font-size: 16pt;">Sediaan Insulin</span></div></td> <td style="background: #9BBB59; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 22.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 81.0pt;" valign="top" width="108"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 17; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "Blackadder ITC"; font-size: 16pt;">Awal Kerja</span></div></td> <td style="background: #9BBB59; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 22.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 94.5pt;" valign="top" width="126"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 1; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "Blackadder ITC"; font-size: 16pt;">Puncak Kerja</span></div></td> <td style="background: #9BBB59; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 22.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 17; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "Blackadder ITC"; font-size: 16pt;">Lama Kerja</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 112.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0;"> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; height: 112.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 198.9pt;" valign="top" width="265"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin prandial</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin kerja cepat</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Regular (Actrapid®; Humulin R®)</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin analog, kerja sgt cepat</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin glulisine (Apidra®*)</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin aspart (Novo Rapid®*)</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin lispro (Humalog®)</span></div></td> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; height: 112.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 81.0pt;" valign="top" width="108"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">30-60 m</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">5-15 m</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">5-15 m</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">5-15 m</span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; height: 112.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 94.5pt;" valign="top" width="126"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">30-90 m</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">30-90 m</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">30-90 m</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">30-90 m</span></div></td> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; height: 112.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">3-5 jam</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">3-5 jam</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">3-5 jam</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">3-5 jam</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 48.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;"> <td style="border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; height: 48.5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 198.9pt;" valign="top" width="265"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin kerja menengah</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">NPH (Insulatard®, Humulin N®)</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Lente*</span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 48.5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 81.0pt;" valign="top" width="108"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 16; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 16; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">2-4 jam</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 16; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">3-4 jam</span></div></td> <td style="border: none; height: 48.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 94.5pt;" valign="top" width="126"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">4-10 jam</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">4-12 jam</span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 48.5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 16; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 16; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">10-16 jam</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 16; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">12-18 jam</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 66.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;"> <td style="border-right: none; border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; height: 66.5pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 198.9pt;" valign="top" width="265"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin kerja panjang</span></b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"></span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin glargine (Lantus®)</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Ultralente*</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin detemir (Levemir®*)</span></div></td> <td style="border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; height: 66.5pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 81.0pt;" valign="top" width="108"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">2-4 jam</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">6-10 jam</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">2-4 jam</span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; height: 66.5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 94.5pt;" valign="top" width="126"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Tdk ada puncak</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">8-10 jam</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Tdk ada puncak</span></div></td> <td style="border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; height: 66.5pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 30.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;"> <td colspan="4" style="border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 30.5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 459.9pt;" valign="top" width="613"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Blackadder ITC"; font-size: 16pt;">Lanjutan………</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 85.85pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: double #9BBB59 2.25pt; height: 85.85pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 198.9pt;" valign="top" width="265"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 6; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Insulin campuran</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 6; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">(kerja cepat dan menengah)</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 6; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">70% NPH/30% regular (Mixtard®; Humulin 70/30®)</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 6; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">70% NPH/30% analog rapid (NovoMix 30®)</span></div></td> <td style="border-top: double #9BBB59 2.25pt; border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; height: 85.85pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 81.0pt;" valign="top" width="108"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 18; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 18; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 18; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">30-60 m</span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: double #9BBB59 2.25pt; height: 85.85pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 94.5pt;" valign="top" width="126"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 2; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 2; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 2; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">dual</span></i></div></td> <td style="border-top: double #9BBB59 2.25pt; border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; height: 85.85pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 85.5pt;" valign="top" width="114"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 18; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 18; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 18; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">10-16 jam</span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Blackadder ITC"; font-size: 16pt;">*: Belum ada di Indonesia</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Blackadder ITC"; font-size: 16pt;">Nama dalam tanda kurung adalah nama dagang</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Blackadder ITC"; font-size: 16pt;">m: menit</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Sebelum menyuntikan insulin, kedua tangan dan daerah yang akan disuntik haruslah bersih. Tutup vial insulin harus diusap dengan isopropyl alcohol 70%. Untuk semua macam insulin kecuali kerja capat, harus digulung-gulung secara perlahan-lahan dengan kedua telapak tangan (jangan dikocok) untuk melarutkan kembali suspense. Ambilah udara sejumlah insulin yang akan diberikan dan suntikkanlah kedalam vial untuk mencegah terjadi ruang vakum dalam vial. Hal ini terutama diperlukan bila akan dipakai campuran insulin. Bila mencampur insulin kerja cepat dengan kerja menengah atau panjang, maka insulin yang jernih atau kerja cepat harus diambil terlebih dahulu. Setelah insulin masuk ke alat suntik, periksalah apa mengandung gelembung udara. Satu atau dua ketukan pada alat suntik dalam posisi tegak akan dapat mengurangi gelembung tersebut. Gelembung tersebut sebenarnya tidaklah terlalu berbahaya tetapi dapat mengurangi dosis insulin.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Penyuntikan dilakukan pada jaringan subkutan. Pada umumnya disuntikkan dengan sudut 90°. Pada pasien kurus dan anak-anak setelah kulit dijepit dan insulin disuntikkan dengan sudut 45° agar tidak terjadi penyuntikkan IM. Aspirasi tidak perlu dilakukan secara rutin. Bila suntikan terasa sakit atau mengalami perdarahan setelah proses penyuntikkan maka daerah tersebut sebaiknya ditekan selama 5-8 detik. Untuk mengurangi rasa sakit pada waktu penyuntikan dapat dilakukan usaha-usaha, sbb:</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.5in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Menyuntik di suhu kamar.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt; text-indent: -.5in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Yakin bahwa alat suntik tidak mengandung gelembung udara.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Tunggulah sampai alcohol yang dipakai sebagai desinfektan kering sebelum menyuntik.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Usahakanlah agar otot yang akan disuntik tidak dalam keadaan tegang.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Tusuklah kulit dengan cepat.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Jangan merubah alat suntikan selama menyuntikan atau mencabut suntikan.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Jangan gunakan jarum yang sudah tampak tumpul.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Glukagon</span></b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"></span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Preparat glucagon didapat di pasaran dan sangat berguna untuk mengobati hipoglikemia berat yang memerlukan bantuan orang lain atau bagi pasien yang hilang kesadaran.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">a.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Glucagon merangsang pelepasan glukosa hati.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">b.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Produk ini digunakan untuk mengatasi reaksi hipoglikemia berat pada pasien yang tidak sadar, tidak koperatif atau tidak dapat minum.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">c.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Bila pasien dirawat dan terjadi hipoglikemia dan tidak sadar, sedang infus tidak terpasang, glucagon dapat diberikan sebagai terapi awal sampai infus dpt dipasang.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">d.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Pemakaian glucagon akan efektif bila didalam hati terdapat cukup glikogen.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Dosis yang diberikan tergantung dari umur pasien dan keadaan klinis dan dapat diberikan secara SC atau IM.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">a.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Dewasa dan anak umur lebih dari 5-6 thn biasanya cukup diberikan 1.0 mg.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">b.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Anak kurang dari 5 th biasanya diberikan 0.5 mg.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">c.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Bayi dapat diberikan 0.25 mg.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Glucagon yang dilarutkan dapat disimpan disuhu kamar (15-30° C).</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">4.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Obat akan mulai bekerja secara maximal setelah 15-20 menit.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">5.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Efek samping glucagon yang sering terjadi adalah mual atau muntah setelah sadar.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">6.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Setelah sadar pasien dapat diberikan cairan yang mengandung glukosa.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 14pt;">PRINSIP PENGOBATAN DM TIPE 2</span></b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 14pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in;"></div><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> </span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Pengobatan dengan perencanaan makanan (diet) atau terapi nutrisi medic masih merupakan pengobatan utama, tetapi bilamana hal ini bersama latihan jasmani/kegiatan fisik ternyata gagal, maka diperlukan penambahan obat oral atau insulin. Pengaruh hubungan jumlah reseptor insulin dengan DM tipe 2 gemuk masih terdapat perbedaan pendapat. Tetapi disetujui bahwa penurunan BB dan kegiatan jasmani akan mempunyai dampak terapetik. Sayangnya banyak orang dengan DM sukar untuk menurunkan BB-nya karena kurang motivasi atau disiplin untuk mengikuti program yang ketat yang diberikan oleh dokter. Sehingga terlalu sering seorang dokter harus memberikan pengobatan farmakologik untuk mengobati hiperglikemia pada kadaan seperti ini.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Karena penyebab resistensi pada DM tipe 2 dalam praktek sehari-hari sukar dinilai, maka terpaksa dilakukan secara empiris. Yaitu bila seorang tidak dapat diobati dengan satu suntikkan per hari maka ditambahkan suntikan ke dua pada sore hari dan seterusnya. Pada pasien dengan alergi terhadap insulin dianjurkan untuk memakai insulin yang lebih murni atau Human Insulin.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in 40.5pt .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">A.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Obat Hipoglikemik Oral</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Berdasarkan cara kerjanya, OHO dibagi menjadi 4 golongan:</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">a.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Pemicu sekresi insulin <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">(insulin secretagogue)</i> : sulfonylurea dan glinid.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">b.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Penambah sensitivitas terhadap insulin: metformin, tiazolidindion.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">c.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Penghambat glukoneogenesis (metformin).</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">d.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Penghambat absorpsi glukosa: penghambat glukosidase alfa.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in;"></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in;"><br />
</div><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo20; tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">a.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Pemicu Sekresi Insulin</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo21; tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in 135.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span> <span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Sulfonylurea obat golongan ini mempunyai efek utama meningkatkan sekresi insulin oleh sel beta pancreas. Selain itu obat ini mempunyai efek meningkatkan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">performance</i> dan jumlah reseptor insulin pada otot dan sel lemak, meningkatkan efisiensi sekresi insulin dan potensiasi stimulasi insulin transport karbohidrat ke sel otot dan jaringan lemak serta penurunan produksi glukosa oleh hati. Cara kerja pada umumnya melalui suatu alur kalsium yang sensitive terhadap ATP. Obat ini merupakan pilihan utama untuk pasien dengan BB normal dan kurang, namun masih boleh diberikan kepada pasien dengan BB lebih. Untuk menghindari hipoglikemia berkepanjangan pada berbagai keadaan seperti orang tua, gangguan faal ginjal dan hati, kurang nutrisi serta penyakit kardiovaskular, tidak dianjurkan penggunaan sulfonylurea kerja panjang.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo21; tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span> <span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Glinid obat yang cara kerjanya sama dengan sulfonylurea, dengan penekanan pada meningkatkan sekresi insulin fase pertama. Golongan ini terdiri dari 2 macam obat yaitu: Repaglinid (derivate asam benjoat) dan Nateglinid (derivate fenilanin). Obat ini diabsorpsi dengan cepat setelah pemberian secara oral dan diekskresi secara cepat melalui hati.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo20; tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">b.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Penambah sensitivitas terhadap insulin</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Tiazolidindion (rosiglitazon dan pioglitazon) berkaitan pada <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">peroxisome proliferator</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">activated receptor gamma (PPARG),</i> suatu reseptor inti di sel otot dan sel lemak. Golongan ini mempunyai efek menurunkan resistensi insulin dengan meningkatkan jumlah protein pengangkut glukosa, sehingga meningkatkan ambilan glukosa di perifer. Tiazolidindion dikontraindikasikan pada pasien dengan gagal jantung klas I-IV karena dapat memperbarat edema/retensi cairan dan juga pada gangguan faal hati. Pada pasien yang menggunakan tiazolidindion perlu dilakukan pemantauan faal hati secara berkala. Saat ini tiazolidindion tidak digunakan sebagai obat tunggal.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in .5in .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo20; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">c.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Penghambat glukoneogenesis</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Metformin. Obat ini mempunyai efek utama mengurangi produksi glukosa hati (glukoneogenesis), disamping juga memperbaiki ambilan glukosa perifer. Terutama dipakai pada diabetisi gemuk. Metformin dikontraindikasikan pada pasien dengan gangguan fungsi ginjal (serum kreatinin >1.5) dan hati, serta pasien-pasien dengan kecendrungan hipoksemia (misalnya penyakit serebrovaskular, sepsis, syok, gagal jantung). Metformin dapat memberikan efek samping mual. Untuk mengurangi keluhan tersebut dapat diberikan pada saat atau sesudah makan.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo20; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">d.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Penghambat glukosidase alfa (acarbose)</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Obat ini bekerja dengan mengurangi absorpsi glukosa di usus halus, sehingga mempunyai efek menurunkan kadar glukosa darah sesudah makan. Acarbose tidak menimbulkan efek samping hipoglikemia. Efek samping yang sering ditemukan ialah kembung dan flatulen.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Mekanisme kerja dari OHO, efek samping utama, serta pengaruh dari obat terhadap penurunanA1C dapat dilihat pada table 2, sedangkan nama obat, berat bahan aktif (mg) per tablet, dosis harian, lama kerja, dan waktu pemberian dapat dilihat pada table 3.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Table 2. mekanisme kerja, efek samping utama dan pengaruh dari terhadap penurunan A1C (Hb-glikosilat)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightListAccent3" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 160;"><tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: -1;"> <td style="background: #9BBB59; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" valign="top" width="109"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 5; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><br />
</div></td> <td style="background: #9BBB59; border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 139.5pt;" valign="top" width="186"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 17; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "Blackadder ITC"; font-size: 16pt;">Cara Kerja Utama</span></div></td> <td style="background: #9BBB59; border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 1; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "Blackadder ITC"; font-size: 16pt;">Efek Samping Utama</span></div></td> <td style="background: #9BBB59; border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 105.75pt;" valign="top" width="141"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 17; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="color: white; font-family: "Blackadder ITC"; font-size: 16pt;">Penurunan A1C</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0;"> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" width="109"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Sulfonilurea</span></div></td> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 139.5pt;" valign="top" width="186"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Meningkatkan sekresi insulin</span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" width="180"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">BB naik, hipoglikemia</span></div></td> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 105.75pt;" width="141"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">1.5-2%</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"> <td style="border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" width="109"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Glinid</span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 139.5pt;" valign="top" width="186"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 16; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Meningkatkan sekresi insulin</span></div></td> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" width="180"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">BB naik, hipoglikemia</span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 105.75pt;" width="141"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 16; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">?</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 54.35pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;"> <td style="border-right: none; border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; height: 54.35pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" width="109"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Metformin</span></div></td> <td style="border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; height: 54.35pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 139.5pt;" valign="top" width="186"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Menekan produksi glukosa hati & menambah sensitivitas terhadap insulin</span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; height: 54.35pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" width="180"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Diare, dyspepsia, asidosis laktat</span></div></td> <td style="border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; height: 54.35pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 105.75pt;" width="141"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">1.5-2%</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;"> <td style="border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" width="109"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Penghambat glukosidase à</span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 139.5pt;" valign="top" width="186"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 16; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Menghambat absorpsi glukosa</span></div></td> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" width="180"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Flatulens, tinja lembek</span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 105.75pt;" width="141"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 16; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">0.5-1.0%</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="border-right: none; border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 81.9pt;" width="109"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Tiazolidindion</span></div></td> <td style="border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 139.5pt;" valign="top" width="186"><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Menambah sensitivitas terhadap insulin</span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" width="180"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">edema</span></div></td> <td style="border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 105.75pt;" width="141"><div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="mso-yfti-cnfc: 80; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">1.3%</span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Cara pemberian OHO terdiri dari:</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo22; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">OHO dimulai dengan dosis kecil dan ditingkatkan secara bertahap sesuai respon kadar glukosa darah, dapat diberikan sampai dosis hampir maximal.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo22; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Sulfonylurea generasi I & II: 15-30 menit sebelum makan.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo22; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Glimepiride: sebelum/sesaat sebelum makan.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo22; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Repaglinid, Nateglinid: sesaat/sebelum makan.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo22; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Metformin: sebelum/pada saat/sesudah makan.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo22; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Penghambat glukosidase à (Acarbose): bersama suapan pertama.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo22; tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Tiazolidindion: tidak bergantung pada jadwal makan.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Obat hipoglikemik oral pada pasien geriatric</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Hipoglikemia harus dihindari pada orang dengan diabetes usia lanjut, oleh karena itu sebaiknya obat-obatan yang bekerja jangka panjang tidak dipakai dan diberikan obat-obat yang mempunyai masa paruh yang pendek tetapi bekerja cukup lama.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";">Terapi kombinasi</span></b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Pemberian OHO maupun insulin selalu dimulai dengan dosis rendah, kemudian dinaikan secara bertahap sesuai dengan respons kadar glukosa darah.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Bersamaan dengan pengaturan diet dan kegiatan jasmani, bila diperlukan dapat dilakukan pemberian OHO tunggal atau kombinasi OHO sejak dini. Terapi dengan OHO kombinasi, harus dipilih 2 macam obat dari kelompok yang mempunyai mekanisme kerja berbeda. Bila sasaran kadar glukosa darah belum tercapai, dapat pula diberikan kombinasi 3 OHO dari kelompok yang berbeda atau kombinasi OHO dengan insulin. Pada pasien yang disertai dengan alasan klinik dimana insulin tidak memungkinkan untuk dipakai, dipilih terapi dengan kombinasi 3 OHO. (lihat bagan 2 tentang algoritma pengelolaan DM tipe 2).</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="tab-stops: .25in 40.5pt .75in 99.0pt 135.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Comic Sans MS";"> Untuk kombinasi OHO dan insulin, yang banyak dipergunakan adalah kombinasi OHO dan insulin basal (insulin kerja sedang) yang diberikan pada malam hari menjelang tidur. Dengan pendekatan terapi tersebut pada umumnya dapat diperoleh kendali glukosa darah yang baik dengan dosis insulin yang cukup kecil. Dosis awal insulin kerja menengah adalah 10 unit yang diberikan sekitar jam 22.00, kemudian dilakukan evaluasi dosis tersebut dengan menilai kadar glukosa darah puasa keesokan harinya.</span></div></div>My Diaryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10691733669403958805noreply@blogger.com13